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adjective [after verb, pred. only ] C2 US formal/literary (UK enamoured) • enamored of/with someone/something; be enamored by an idea/person/style • enamored of fame/art/tradition; enamored with the idea/view/sound • freq in AmE: 5/10
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(formal or literary, especially AmE) strongly in love with or deeply fascinated by someone or something; often used to express admiration, infatuation, or emotional attachment — sometimes with ironic or critical undertones
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collocation with enamored adjective [after verb, pred. only ] C2 formal/literary (UK enamoured) (also enamored of something) • enamored of tradition/art/style • enamored with idea/view/sound; enamored with fame/luxury/minimalism • freq in AmE: 5/10
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(formal or literary, especially AmE) deeply fascinated by, emotionally attached to, or strongly admiring something — often used to describe idealization, infatuation, or romanticized enthusiasm toward ideas, lifestyles, objects, or experiences
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adverb C2 formal • synonyms: fairly, justly, impartially • distribute/share/allocate something equitably; treat people equitably; resolve issues equitably • freq in AmE: 2/10
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in a fair and impartial way; treating all parties or people justly and without bias
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adjective C1 • synonyms: alien, non-terrestrial, off-world • extraterrestrial life/species/intelligence; extraterrestrial origin/signal/object; detect/study extraterrestrial X • freq in AmE: 6/10
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originating from outside Earth or its atmosphere; used to describe life, objects, or phenomena that are not of terrestrial origin — common in scientific, speculative, and science fiction contexts
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adjective C2 (literary) • synonyms: eerie, uncanny, spectral, unearthly • (eldritch glow/sound/force/creature); eldritch presence/atmosphere/vision • freq in AmE: 1/10
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strange, eerie, or otherworldly in a way that evokes fear, unease, or supernatural mystery; often used in gothic, horror, or fantasy contexts to describe things that defy natural explanation
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adjective [before noun ] C2
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surrounded by problems and difficulties; (of an army, a city, etc.) involved in war; surrounded by the enemy
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collocation with embattled adjective [before noun ] C2 • synonyms: besieged city, war-torn city, city under siege • embattled city in conflict/news/headlines; embattled city as symbol of resistance; embattled urban zone • freq in AmE: 5/10
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a city under attack, siege, or intense pressure — often in the context of war, political unrest, or humanitarian crisis; also used metaphorically to describe a city facing overwhelming challenges
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collocation with egregious adjective C2 disapproving • synonyms: flagrant case, shocking instance, outrageous example • egregious example of injustice/failure/bias; cite/condemn egregious example • freq in AmE: 5/10
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an extremely bad, shocking, or flagrant instance of something negative — often used to highlight the worst-case scenario or a particularly outrageous violation
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adjective C1 • synonyms: clay-made, rustic, ceramic • earthenware bowl/pot/jar; serve/store/use earthenware • freq in AmE: 4/10
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made of fired clay, typically coarse and porous; used to describe objects such as pots, dishes, or cookware that are rustic, traditional, and often handmade
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adjective C2 formal • synonyms: exuberant, enthusiastic, high-spirited, bubbly • ebullient personality/speech/spirit/mood/performance • freq in AmE: 4/10
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cheerful and full of energy; overflowing with enthusiasm or excitement
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collocation with ebullient adjective C2 formal • synonyms: lively personality, exuberant spirit, radiant temperament • ebullient character in fiction/theatre/life • freq in AmE: 3/10
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a person whose personality is full of cheerful energy, enthusiasm, and expressive liveliness; someone emotionally vibrant and contagiously spirited
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adjective C1 literary/emotional • synonyms: lively, ebullient, spirited • exuberant personality/performance/style/growth/joy; exuberant energy or abandon • freq in AmE: 6/10
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full of energy, excitement, and cheerfulness; overflowing with enthusiasm or vitality — often in a way that is vivid, unrestrained, or joyful
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adjective C2 formal • synonyms: self-centered, selfish, narcissistic • egocentric behavior/attitude/personality/worldview • deeply/extremely/highly egocentric; become/remain egocentric • freq in AmE: 4/10
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thinking only about yourself and your own needs and interests, without considering other people's feelings or perspectives
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adjective [gradable ] C1 • synonyms: emotional, expressive, charged • emotive language/issue/appeal/response; highly/deeply/politically emotive; provoke emotive reactions; tone down emotive elements • freq in AmE: 5/10
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arousing or expressing strong emotion; often used to describe language, topics, or reactions that provoke intense feelings or are emotionally charged
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adjective C1 formal/critical • synonyms: excessive, outrageous, inflated, steep • exorbitant price/fee/rent/demand/expectation; pay exorbitant costs; charge exorbitant rates; exorbitant and unfair; economically exorbitant • freq in AmE: 5/10
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unreasonably high or excessive, especially in terms of cost, demand, or expectation
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adjective C2 • synonyms: expressive, persuasive, moving • eloquent speaker/silence/gesture; deliver/write eloquent speech • freq in AmE: 6/10
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expressing ideas or emotions in a fluent, persuasive, and impactful way — often with grace, clarity, and rhetorical power
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adjective [not gradable ] C1 • synonyms: moral, principled, conscientious • ethical standards/dilemma/decision/conduct; act/appear ethical; ethical compass/collapse; ethical and legal/professional/sustainable/fair • freq in AmE: 6/10
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relating to moral principles or the branch of philosophy dealing with morality; conforming to accepted standards of right and wrong, especially in professional or social contexts
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adjective phrase C1 (also entangled in/with something/someone) • synonyms: caught up in, embroiled in, mired in, wrapped up in • (deeply/emotionally/politically) entangled in a relationship/conflict/scandal/web of lies/legal battle • freq in AmE: 5/10
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involved in a complicated or difficult situation, often one that is hard to escape or resolve; can also refer to being physically caught or twisted in something
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collocation with entangled in something adjective phrase C1 (also entangled in/with something/someone) • synonyms: caught in deception, wrapped in lies, trapped in falsehoods • emotionally/deeply entangled in lies/deceit/manipulation; freq in AmE: 4/10
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caught in a complex and deceptive situation built on multiple lies — often with emotional, legal, or reputational consequences
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adverb C2 • synonyms: flagrantly, grossly, shockingly • egregiously wrong/unfair/negligent; egregiously violate/misrepresent/fail; egregiously unethical/biased/mishandled • freq in AmE: 5/10
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in an extremely bad, shocking, or flagrant way; used to intensify negative qualities or actions, often with moral or social outrage
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adverb C1 formal • synonyms: rapidly, dramatically • grow/increase/expand exponentially; exponentially faster/higher/more complex; demand/population/risk grows exponentially • freq in AmE: 6/10
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in a way that increases or grows extremely rapidly, especially at a rate proportional to the current value; often used figuratively to describe dramatic acceleration
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adverb C1 • synonyms: collectively, in bulk, in droves • resign/arrive/protest en masse; voters/workers/students en masse; act/respond/migrate en masse; adopt/reject en masse
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in a group; all together; as a collective body or in large numbers
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adjective C1 • synonyms: encouraged, empowered, spurred on • emboldened by success/support/victory; feel/become emboldened to act/speak/fight • freq in AmE: 5/10
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feeling more confident, brave, or willing to take risks — often as a result of encouragement, success, or support
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