Bankowość

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account statement
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summary of account activity (transactions) during a certain period
acquisition
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a company purchasing most of another company"s shares to gain control
apply for an overdraft
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when you apply to withdraw money from your acount despite not having enough money for it
ATM / cash dispenser
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machine that dispenses cash or other services with a bank card inserted
bank deposit / to deposit
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adding, transfering money to your account
bank transfer
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transfering money from one bank account to another
bank's assets
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everything the bank owns
bank's liabilities
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everything the bank has to pay for
banknote / bill
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paper money with a particular value
bid-offer spread
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the difference between the price at which you can buy a share and the price at which you can sell it
blue chips
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well-established, recognizable and generally trusted company
bondholder
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the owner of the issued bond
brokerage company / house / services
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institiutions that act as a middleman in faciliating transactions
cash flows
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the total amount of money transferred into and out of business
collateral
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acts as a security or guarantee for a debt
convertible shares / bonds
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it can be converted into a different security
corporate bonds
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issued by a corporation
coupon of a bond
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the amount of interest it pays
credit
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money available in the banking system
credit crunch
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a massive reduction in the amount of credit available
credit rating / standing
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an estimate of the ability to fulfill financial commitments
creditworthiness
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the extent to wchich someone is suitable to recieve financial credit, based on the past financial activities
creditor
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the person to which the money is owed
currency
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a system of money in general use in a particular place
current / checking aacount
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an account from which you can withdraw money without notice
debt financing
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raising money by selling debt instruments to investors
debt instruments
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tools an entity utilizes to obtain cpaital
debtor
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an entity that owes money
default on payment
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unable to make payments to the creditor
depositor
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a person that keeps money in a bank
direct debit
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allowing someone else to collect the money from your account, usually regularly
discount instruments
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money market instruments issued at a value less than their face value
divestitures
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selling off subsidiary businesses interests
down payment
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the initial payment, paid before the rest
equity finance
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raising capital through the sale of shares
fallen angel
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initially given an investment-grade rating, reduced to junk bond status
fees
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paying fixed amount of money
commisions
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paying a percentage from the transaction
foreign exchange
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currency from another countries
gilts / gilt-edged stock
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high grade bond (british term)
growth
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the change in company's earnings overtime
high-yield bonds
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(junk bonds) - high interest rate but low credit rating
inflation rate
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the rate of price increase, resulting in money losing value
interest
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money paid regularly at a particular rule for the use of money lent
interest rate
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the cost of borrowing money, the percentage of the loan paid by the borrower
intermediary
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link between people to help them reach an agreement
investment bank
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acts as an intermediary
investment funds
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a pool of capital that investors collectively pay into, to invest in stocks
investment-grade bonds
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low risk and high credit rating
investor
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a person that puts money into financial schemes to gain profit
issue currency / share / bonds
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the process in which an entity creates and make it available
junk bonds
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high interest rate, low credit rating
lender of last resort
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institution that lends money in difficult situations
liquidity
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ability to allow assets to be sold and bought easily and quickly
market maker
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market participant that buys and sells large assets to ensure financial markets run smoothly
maturity / redemption rate
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the longevity of a financial instrument
Monetary Policy Council
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the institution that decides on monetary policy and assesses the curent condition
money in circulation
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physically used money in a country
money market
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highly liquid, short-term debt security
money supply
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the amount of money in the economy
municipal bonds
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issued by governmental entities to raise money for, for example, infrastructure funding
non-investmen-grade-bonds
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low quality, issuer may defualt
output
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the quantity of goods produced in a given time by a firm
par / face / nominal value of a bond
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the amount repaid to the bondholder at maturity
pension fund
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pension fundmoney from people who work to pay pensions
principal of a loan
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the amount of capital making up a loan
property / real estate
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property consisting of lands and buildings
trading securities
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investments in debt or equity actively traded for profit
quote bid and offer prices
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offer the price of selling and buying
redeem bonds
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full repayment of the principal and the interest owed
reserve requirement
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the amount of fund that bank is required to hold to meet liabilities
savings account
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an account that allows you to deposit money and gain interest
securities
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financial instruments issued by an entity giving ownership rights to some type of financial value
securities account
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holding securities on behalf of the investor
securitization
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financial assets pooled together, converted into securities and sold to investors
supply and demand
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the amount of commodity and the desire to buy it
spread / margin
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the difference between the amount of money borrowed and value of collateral
standing order
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a bank transfer that is fixed and constant
stockbroking
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buying and selling stocks for clients
stocks / shares / equities
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a part into which capital is divided, entitling the holder to a portion of profit
takeover
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buying out of one company by another
to raise capital
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approaching existing investors for equities or a debt
to underwrite a stock issue
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taking financial risk for a fee
tradable / negotiable / saleable instruments
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financial instruments that you are allowed to trade
Treasury bills
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issued at a discount, no yield, short-term
Treasury bonds
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long-term, periodict interest, up to 20 years
Treasury notes
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fixedi nterest rate, 2 to 10 years
underlying instrument
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the security on which a derivative contract is based upon
underwriter
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pledges to buy all the unsold shares
yield / rate of return
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the rate of profit investor recieves from a security
zero-coupon bonds
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deep discount but no interest
hedge fund
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a type of actively managed fund that focuses on high risk high return investments

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