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software that interacts with users and the operating system (e.g., browsers, mail clients)
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standardized set of rules that defines: message formats, message exchange patterns, semantics of message
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users send requests to servers, which then respond accordingly
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Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) Lernen beginnen
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application protocol used to exchange mails
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Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP) Lernen beginnen
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application protocol used to communicate between web browsers and web servers
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specifies the format of the data that can be exchanged
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Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP), Post Office Protocol (POP)
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cooperating clients and servers communicate using HTTP
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operations requested by HHTP message Lernen beginnen
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GET- fetch the specified Web page, HEAD- fetch status information about the specified Web page
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page that can be retrieved from a nearby cache can be displayed quicker than if it has to be fetched from across the world
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enable application-to-application interaction
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web services architectures Lernen beginnen
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SOAP- Simple Object Access Protocol, REST- Representational State Transfer
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Web Services Description Language (WSDL) Lernen beginnen
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specify applications details such as what operations are supported, the formats of the application data to invoke or respond to those operations and whether an operation involves a response
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data oriented/document-passing style
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system used to translate host names into host addresses and to manage the network
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logical network implemented on the top of some underlying network
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Peer-to-peer (P2P) network Lernen beginnen
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allows a community of users to pool their resources providing access to a larger capabilities than any one user could afford individually
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