Frage  |
Antworten |
Dictionary definition of equivalence Lernen beginnen
|
|
the quality of state of being alike: the quality or state of having a similar value, function, meaning Equivalence of two sentences
|
|
|
equivalence as an essential feature of translation theories Lernen beginnen
|
|
1960s and 1970s - to indicate that ST and TT share the same kind of sameness
|
|
|
Equivalence is a procedure in which Lernen beginnen
|
|
the same situation is replicated as in the original, but different wording is used.
|
|
|
Jean Paul Viney and Jean Darbelnet (1958)’ Comparative Stylistics of French and English; A Methodology for Translation’ Lernen beginnen
|
|
- A comparative stylistic analysis of different translation techniques and procedures - Direct (literal translation – word for word) - Oblique translation (free translation – cense for sense translation methods)
|
|
|
types of equivalence by Eugene Nida 'Toward a Science of translating', 'The Theory and Translation' Lernen beginnen
|
|
formal equivalence & dynamic equivalence
|
|
|
|
Lernen beginnen
|
|
word-for-word translation (translating the meanings of words and phrases in a more literal way)
|
|
|
|
Lernen beginnen
|
|
sense-for-sense translation (translating the meanings of phrases or whole sentences) with readability in mind
|
|
|
To achieve the most faithful translation of grammatical units, the translator will translate: Lernen beginnen
|
|
1- A noun into a noun & a verb into verb 2- Does not change sentence boundaries 3- Does not change paragraphs or the punctuation, etc
|
|
|
a dynamic equivalence requires adaptation of Lernen beginnen
|
|
1. Grammar 2. Vocabulary 3. Cultural references
|
|
|
NIDA CONCLUSION: the product of translation process (the texting in the TL) must have Lernen beginnen
|
|
same impact on the different readers it was addressing.
|
|
|
John Catford ‘A linguistic Theory of Translation’,1995 Lernen beginnen
|
|
• Introduction of types and shifts of translation
|
|
|
Catfords 3 criteria of considering translation: Lernen beginnen
|
|
the extent of translation, the grammatical rank, the levels of language
|
|
|
1. The extent of translation Lernen beginnen
|
|
full translation vs partial translation
|
|
|
|
Lernen beginnen
|
|
at which the translation equivalence is established (rank- bound translation vs unbounded translation)
|
|
|
3. The levels of language involved in translation Lernen beginnen
|
|
total translation vs restricted translation
|
|
|
In rank bound translation an equivalent is Lernen beginnen
|
|
sought in the TL, notion of literal translation or word for word translation
|
|
|
In unbounded translation equivalences are Lernen beginnen
|
|
achieved at sentence, clause, and other levels
|
|
|
