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to be more important, useful, or valuable than something else Lernen beginnen
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sticking out over something that is at a lower level (e.g. the overhanging branches of a tree)
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1. to prevent light from shining directly on something, 2. to make someone or something seem less important compared to someone or something else
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secret and dishonest (= oszukańczy, podstępny)
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a change for the better / an increase in something such as business or economic activity (e.g. Last month saw an unexpected upturn in property prices.)
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to quickly increase in number or amount Lernen beginnen
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to express sympathy to someone who is unhappy about something
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if a substance such as blood or fat congeals, it becomes thick and almost solid
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to replace the buildings in an area with new ones Lernen beginnen
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a person of low rank and little authority who works for someone more important Lernen beginnen
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an underling (e.g. She surrounded herself with underlings who were too afraid of her to answer back.)
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to talk about something in a way that makes it seem more important, impressive, or serious than it really is. Lernen beginnen
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the wheels of a plane/car and the whole structure that supports it (= podwozie)
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on the other side of the page Lernen beginnen
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overleaf (adverb), e.g. See overleaf for a list of abbreviations.
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explain the -conscious suffix Lernen beginnen
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combines w/ nouns to form adjectives that describe people who consider one aspect of their lives esp. important (e.g. health-conscious person, safety-conscious company)
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explain the -minded suffix Lernen beginnen
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combines with adjectives or nouns to form new adjectives describing people with particular characters, opinions or attitudes,.e. g like-minded, money-minded, etc.
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explain the -ridden suffix Lernen beginnen
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used to describe people or things with a lot of that noun, e.g. guilt-ridden person, crime-ridden city
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explain: masterly (adjective) Lernen beginnen
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done extremely well (e.g. a masterly performance)
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a long article or a short book on a single subject that the writer has studied for a long time
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taking effect from a date in the past
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an approximate calculation of the size or amount of something when you do not know all the facts
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to return to an older and worse state Lernen beginnen
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to make a government, area, or political group lose power or control, or to make a political or economic situation less strong or safe, by causing changes and problems Lernen beginnen
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computer programs that you can often copy from the internet and do not have to pay for
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provide a formal word for vocabulary Lernen beginnen
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explain: a loanword = a borrowing Lernen beginnen
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a word taken from other languages
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a list of people’s names that shows when each of them must work and what they have to do (= grafik, harmonogram)
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something that is intended to impress and interest you but is really not at all useful Lernen beginnen
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a small bed with high sides that a baby sleeps in Lernen beginnen
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a situation that causes you a lot of unnecessary trouble or work
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a disease that mainly affects children in which the neck becomes swollen and painful Lernen beginnen
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words that look like words in other languages but have a different meaning
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to become involved in a situation in order to try to stop or change it
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explain: to interfere in sth Lernen beginnen
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to involve yourself in sth [negative and critical]
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continually (often negative)
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out of the sun, pleasant connotation Lernen beginnen
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in the shade of (e.g. a tree)
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explain: in the shadow of sth/sb Lernen beginnen
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to make sth more complete or attractive in combination
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1. moist 2. damp (-> in an unpleasant way)
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to move into a vertical position Lernen beginnen
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1. to make a room, cupboard, or drawer thoroughly tidy and clean, 2. to decorate a room
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coś czy coś innego (ten czy inny) Lernen beginnen
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explain: dingy (adjective) Lernen beginnen
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a dingy place or object is rather dark in an unpleasant way and often looks dirty
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the fact of having more than one meaning Lernen beginnen
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the work that you do to keep your house clean and tidy Lernen beginnen
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housework (= prace domowe) | don't confuse with 'homework'
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someone who only wants to be your friend when things are going well for you Lernen beginnen
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what's the meaning of '5 minutes flat'? Lernen beginnen
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explain: be more than a match for someone Lernen beginnen
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to be better, stronger, cleverer etc than someone who you are competing against
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a tall metal structure with a long horizontal part, used for lifting and moving heavy objects Lernen beginnen
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explain: five-a-side football Lernen beginnen
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very impressive in size, power, or skill and therefore deserving respect and often difficult to deal with (e.g. The company has built up a formidable reputation for quality.)
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przejdźmy do kolejnego punktu... Lernen beginnen
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let's move on to the next point
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explain: to remember rightly Lernen beginnen
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to remember correctly/well
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explain: appalling [adjective] Lernen beginnen
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shocking and very bad (e.g. Prisoners were kept in the most appalling conditions.)
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explain: dismal [adjective] Lernen beginnen
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sad and without hope / very bad
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unpleasant and unacceptable OR tasting unpleasant (niesmaczny, wstrętny, obrzydliwy, np. żart albo film)
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explain: fatuous (adjective, formal) Lernen beginnen
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to take care of children while they are growing up (e.g. For most parents, raising a family is a positive challenge.)
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a slow and non-energetic walk Lernen beginnen
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explain: doleful [adjective] Lernen beginnen
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formal word for the things that belong to you [formal] Lernen beginnen
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not good enough to achieve the intended result Lernen beginnen
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feeble (e.g. excuse, attempt/effort)
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confused and not certain what to do
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explain: to sharpen your appetite (for sth) Lernen beginnen
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to increase your desire to have sth or know about sth
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make one's life brighter and happier Lernen beginnen
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explain: to be on the ball Lernen beginnen
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to be very aware of things and ready to act
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keep sb/sth on a tight rein Lernen beginnen
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to have a lot of control over sb/sth
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to have an ability to notice something Lernen beginnen
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to have an eye for sth (e.g. She has a good eye for detail.)
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explain: to have an ear for sth Lernen beginnen
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If someone has an ear for music or languages, they are good at hearing, repeating, and understanding these sounds
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explain: to keep an eye on sb/sth Lernen beginnen
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watch sb/sth very carefully
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a practical and approximate way of doing or measuring something (e.g. A good rule of thumb is that a portion of rice is two handfuls.)
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what a bright/dim person means? Lernen beginnen
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a clever/less intelligent person
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explain: to see the light Lernen beginnen
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If you see the light, you suddenly understand something you didn't understand before
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explain: to cast light on sth Lernen beginnen
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to make it easier to understand
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what does it mean to blow hot and cold? Lernen beginnen
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to be enthusiastic at one time and not at another
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to react quickly on the basis of your feelings without thinking first
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to say that someone is similar to or has the same qualities as someone else Lernen beginnen
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to liken sb/sth to sb/sth
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explain: to take sth on board Lernen beginnen
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to understand or accept an idea or a piece of information (e.g. Banks need to take on board the views of their customers.)
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to accept someone or something without considering whether they really are what they claim to be Lernen beginnen
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to take (or accept) sb/sth at face value
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go smoothly / with no difficulties Lernen beginnen
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on the point of starting to work well Lernen beginnen
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if sth is looking up, it's... Lernen beginnen
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explain: that's all we need/needed! Lernen beginnen
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in response to news that makes current problems even worse
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That's the last thing I wanted to hear! Lernen beginnen
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in response to news that fulfill your worst fears
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Lernen beginnen
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Used very generally, in response to any situation that causes you difficulty
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what's a complete shambles? Lernen beginnen
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totally disorganised and chaotic
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what does this mean: "it's a mystery to me how..." Lernen beginnen
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= it's sth I cannot understand
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explain: to get your wires crossed Lernen beginnen
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When people get their wires crossed, they have a different understanding of the same situation
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expression: "I'm not with you" Lernen beginnen
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= you've lost me there = what you've said has confused me
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explain: be in element/made for Lernen beginnen
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to be fed up to the back teeth (with sth) Lernen beginnen
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be extremely unhappy, disappointed
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what does it mean 'be down in the dumps/down in the mouth' Lernen beginnen
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explain: 'to walk on air' Lernen beginnen
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to feel extremely excited or happy (e.g. After the delivery of her baby, she was walking on air.)
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to connect someone or something in your mind with someone or something else Lernen beginnen
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extreme and severe and not likely to change Lernen beginnen
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hard-line [adj] (e.g. a hard-line politician or stance)
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Lernen beginnen
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very unhappy and unpleasant life
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to use information or your knowledge of something to help you do something Lernen beginnen
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to draw on sth (e.g. She had a wealth of experience to draw on.) = wykorzystywać informacje, sięgać do zasobów
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Lernen beginnen
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builders who are not careful or trustworthy
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what does 'ratty' mean? [adjective][BrE][informal] Lernen beginnen
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in a bad mood, or easily annoyed
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explain: fishy [adjective] Lernen beginnen
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1. not completely right, honest, or legal, 2. tasting or smelling like fish
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_____ words, especially speech, are unkind because they are intended to hurt someone Lernen beginnen
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improve knowledge of sth already learnt but partly forgotten Lernen beginnen
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to give an impression of being unfriendly Lernen beginnen
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to come across / come over as unfriendly
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to travel to one place from another Lernen beginnen
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to come over from somewhere
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to influence sb to behave in a particular way
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what does it mean to come under sth? Lernen beginnen
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experience sth [usually unpleasant]
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to have to deal with (a problem or difficulty) Lernen beginnen
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to come up against sth (e.g. obstacles)
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what does it mean to dwell on sth? Lernen beginnen
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to keep thinking about, usually sth unpleasant
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to talk at length about sth Lernen beginnen
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to encourage someone to do or achieve something (e.g. The crowd was cheering and urging her on all through the race.)
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to continue in a determined way Lernen beginnen
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to start doing sth with great energy Lernen beginnen
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to throw oneself into sth
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to become familiar with somewhere new, such as a new house, job, or school, and to feel comfortable and happy there Lernen beginnen
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to settle in (e.g. Once we've settled in, we'll have you over for dinner.)
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to put together (e.g. a report) Lernen beginnen
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to prepare by collecting info from several sources
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explain: do away with sth Lernen beginnen
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to get rid of or destroy something (e.g. The governor is proposing to do away with the state transportation department.)
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it's a discourse maker, used to bring attention to an important point
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discourse maker, used to get people's attention when you want to ask or tell them sth
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diagonally opposite (= po przekątnej)
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to take a left [AmE] - what's the BrE equivalent? Lernen beginnen
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it's a major motorway in the US connecting different states
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AmE - an intersection; BrE -? Lernen beginnen
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to back up (a car) [AmE] - BrE? Lernen beginnen
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freshman -> sophomore -> junior (provide BrE equivalents) Lernen beginnen
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first year -> second year -> third year (students)
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to major in French [AmE] - provide BrE Lernen beginnen
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to do honours in French OR to do a French honours degree
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elementary/high school [AmE] - provide BrE equivalents Lernen beginnen
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primary/secondary school [BrE]
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to handle roughly, using force Lernen beginnen
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used to describe things that girls and young women often enjoy without men, esp. involving clothes/makeup, etc.
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used to describe unpleasant behaviours thought to be typical of young men in a group, esp. drinking alcohol Lernen beginnen
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what does 'disused' mean? Lernen beginnen
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no longer being used (e.g. Many disused railway tracks are now used by cyclists.)
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artificial in other words Lernen beginnen
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explain: to hit the headlines Lernen beginnen
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to suddenly receive a lot of attention in the news
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what are tabloid newspapers? Lernen beginnen
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a type of popular newspaper with small pages that has many pictures and short, simple reports:
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behaving in a wild or strange way, especially because of strong emotions or extreme pain Lernen beginnen
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crazed (e.g. He became crazed with anger/jealousy/pain.)
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provide ways to describe people who cause trouble (nouns, informal) Lernen beginnen
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to move in a destructive way Lernen beginnen
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to rip through (e.g. town)
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the tube in the body that carries air that has been breathed in from the upper end of the throat to the lungs Lernen beginnen
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explain: be curtains for [informal] Lernen beginnen
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used for saying that someone or something will die, end, or be in serious trouble (e.g. One more mistake and it’ll be curtains for him.)
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feeling extremely shocked or upset after an unpleasant experience Lernen beginnen
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Lernen beginnen
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1. to succeed in achieving something, especially after a lot of effort, 2. to reach a particular age, amount, or level
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explain: to bestow [formal] Lernen beginnen
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to give something as an honour or present
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next to (e.g. the garage adjoining your property)
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the person who wrote this letter is the... Lernen beginnen
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not fair, or not based on any good reason Lernen beginnen
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what does it mean to rectify? [forma] Lernen beginnen
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to correct a problem or mistake, or to make a bad situation better
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what does it mean to cease operations? Lernen beginnen
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to stop functioning (about a company)
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the closest relative in other words is... Lernen beginnen
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the next of kin (= najbliższy krewny)
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to acknowledge the receipt of sth Lernen beginnen
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to inform sb that you have received sth
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Lernen beginnen
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at your earliest convenience
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more of an explanation is needed in formal way Lernen beginnen
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further clarification is required
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