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A few simplified rules which shall allow you to form MORE OR LESS correct and understandable sentences. Lernen beginnen
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Quelques règles simplifiées qui vous permettront de former PLUS OU MOINS de phrases correctes et compréhensibles.
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The position of an adjective Lernen beginnen
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some notable exceptions: petit (small), jeune (young), beau (pretty, beautiful), gros (fat), bon (good), mauvais (bad)
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an intelligent friend (male) - an intelligent friend (female) Lernen beginnen
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add "-e" to the noun or adjective in question many exceptions to this rule though but if a word concludes with "e" it is most likely feminine un ami intelligent – une amie intelligente
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intelligent friends Lernen beginnen
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add "-s" to the noun or adjective in question
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plurals of the nouns ending in -au, -eau, -eu, -oeu a beautiful gift - beautiful gifts Lernen beginnen
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un beau cadeau – des beaux cadeaux
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plurals of the nouns ending in -al an international newspaper - international newspapers Lernen beginnen
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exception: un festival – des festivals (festival - festivals) un journal international – journaux internationaux
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2 patterns + irregular verbs 1. verbs ending in "-er" e.g. "aller" (to go); 2. verbs ending in "-ir" e.g. "finir" (to finish); 3. irregular forms e.g. "être" (to be)
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past participles of the 1st group of verbs Lernen beginnen
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change of ending: "-er" -> "-é" to go - gone
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past participles of the 2nd group of verbs Lernen beginnen
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change of ending: "-ir" -> "-i" to finish - finished
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passé composé tense for 1st and 2nd group of verbs Lernen beginnen
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conjugated form of auxiliary verb "avoir" (to have) followed by past participle to finish - I (have) finished
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the most common verbs which go with auxiliary "être" (to be) in passé composé Lernen beginnen
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entrer - to enter partir - to leave, to set off
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conjugated form of "aller" (to go) + infinitive to finish - I will finish
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important - not important important - pas important
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comparative of an adjective or adverb Lernen beginnen
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"plus" + adjective/adverb fast - faster
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superlative of an adjective/adverb Lernen beginnen
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"le plus" + adjective/adverb fast - the fastest
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add "-ment" to the feminine form of an adjective in question happy -> happily heureux -> heureuse (feminine form) -> heureusement
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usage of indefinite articles "un", "une", "des" Lernen beginnen
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1. to introduce a new, countable noun; 2. to refer to a general class of things
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usage of indefinite articles "le", "la", "les" Lernen beginnen
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1. to talk about things known from the context; 2. to talk about unique things, phenomena etc.
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add "ne" before and "pas" after the main verb if it's an infinitive "ne" and "pas" do not get separated by a verb but are placed one after the other before an infinitive e.g. danser -> ne pas danser je danse – je ne danse pas (I'm dancing - I'm not dancing)
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Do nouns inflect for cases in French? Lernen beginnen
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How to form a question? (1) Lernen beginnen
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main verb + subject + object/the rest You speak French. -> Do you speak French? Vous parlez français. –> Parlez-vous français?
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How to form a question? (2) Lernen beginnen
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(interrogative word e.g. "who", "when" etc.) + "est-ce que" + subject + main verb + the rest You speak French. -> Do you speak French? Vous parlez français. –> Est-ce que vous parlez français?
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How to form a question? (3) Lernen beginnen
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You speak French. -> You speak French? Vous parlez français. -> Vous parlez français?
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negation in passé composé (past tense) Lernen beginnen
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subject + "ne" + conjugated auxiliary "avoir" or "être" + "pas" + past participle (participe passé) I didn't dance.
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question in passé composé (past tense) Lernen beginnen
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(interrogative word e.g. "who", "when" etc.) + "est-ce que" + subject + conjugated auxiliary "avoir" or "être" + past participle (participe passé) + the rest Did I dance?
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subject + "ne" + conjugated auxiliary "aller" + "pas" + infinitive He will not dance.
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(interrogative word e.g. "who", "when" etc.) + "est-ce que" + subject + conjugated auxiliary "aller" + infinitive When will he dance? Quand est-ce qu'il va danser?
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Lernen beginnen
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Past tenses Imparfait and Plus-que-parfait, passive voice, partitive articles, conditionals, subjunctive mood etc. We kindly invite you to avail yourself of our other courses on VocApp.
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How to best learn grammar? Lernen beginnen
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Remember and use as many correct phrases and sentences as possible in your speaking. And then learn (and remember) the rules.
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