marketing

the fact of being able to be reached or obtained easily

Accessibility

the ability to get something easily

Accessibility

the state of being cheap enough for people to be able to buy

Affordability

describing or involving business arrangements or trade between different businesses, rather than between businesses and the general public

B2B, business-to-business

describing or involving the sale of goods or services directly to customers for their own use, rather than to businesses

B2C, business-to-consumer

relating to trade in products and services between businesses and government, especially trade over the internet

B2G, business-to-government

the act of measuring the quality of something by comparing it with something else of an accepted standard

Benchmarking

a product that is made by a particular company

Brand

a particular type of something

Brand

knowledge of the name of a company and the products it sells

Brand awareness

2 the degree to which people are familiar with or prefer a particular brand

Brand awareness

the stage of brand loyalty where the buyer will accept no alternative and will search extensively for the required brand

Brand insistence

the habit of always buying a product with the same name, made by the same company

Brand loyalty

the name given to a particular product by the company that makes it

Brand name

a situation when a customer chooses one brand over another consistently

Brand preference

the ability of consumers to recognize a brand and compare it to other brands

Brand recognition

a study to find out when a business will start to make as much money as it has spent on a particular product, activity, etc.

Breakeven analysis

to use a situation to your own advantage

Capitalize on

one of the methods that are used for selling a company's products or services, for example, selling them through a distributor or a retailer (= store)

Distribution channel

the person or organization that uses something rather than an organization that trades in it

End-user

a price that is higher than it should be, or higher than people think

Exorbitant/inflated price

an opportunity for a product or service that does not already exist

Gaps in the market

a situation in which something is advertised and discussed in newspapers, on television, etc. a lot in order to attract everyone's interest

Hype

the practice of adding new products to a product range to make it more complete

Line filling

the addition of a product or service with different features, sizes, prices, etc., to an existing range of products

Line stretching

a process in which a product or brand becomes bought, used, or known by more and more people

Market penetration

the collection and examination of information about things that people buy or might buy and their feelings about things that they have bought

Market research

a situation in which no more of a product or service can be sold because there are no more possible customers

Market saturation

the dividing of all possible customers into groups based on their needs, age, education, income, etc.

Market segmentation

the number of things that a company sells compared with the number of things of the same type that other companies sell

Market share

the practice of charging a high price for a new product in order to make as much profit as possible before other similar products become available and prices fall

Market skimming

the combination of actions a company uses when selling a product or service. These are often described as the four Ps (= product, price, place, and promotion)

Marketing mix

to increase the price of something

Mark-up

a product that is designed for the mass market is intended to be bought by as many people as possible, not just by people with a lot of money or a special interest

Mass market

an opportunity for a business to offer a product or service that is not offered by other businesses

Niche

a measure of the number of chances that a customer who may be interested in a particular product will have to see an advertisement for it during a particular period

OTS, opportunity to see

something that is done or said in order to get an advantage, often dishonestly

Ploy

a strategy in which companies charge a higher price for a product to convince consumers the product is of better quality

Prestige pricing

the degree to which the number of products sold changes when the product's price changes

Price elasticity

a product pricing strategy by which a firm charges the highest initial price that customers will pay and then lowers it over time

Price skimming

information that you collect yourself, rather than get from somewhere else

Primary data

emphasis on the difference between a particular product and those that are similar

Product differentiation

a process used by businesses to distinguish a product or service from other similar ones available in the market

Product differentiation

the stages in a particular product's existence: introduction, growth or increasing sales, maturity (= slow or no increase in sales), and decline or reduction in sales

Product life cycle

a range of similar products or services that are sold by the same company, with different features and different prices

Product line

the combination of products and services that a company sells

Product mix

the fact that something produces or is likely to produce a profit

Profitability

strategies, methods or resources that compel consumers to buy a product or service

Promotional tools

based on information that cannot be easily measured, such as people's opinions and feelings, rather than on information that can be shown in numbers

Qualitative

related to information that can be shown in numbers and amounts

Quantitative

the fact that a company's shares are being traded on a particular stock market

Quotation

the price of a company's shares on a stock market at a particular time

Quotation

the price that a person or company says they will charge to do a piece of work

Quotation

a phrase or short piece of writing taken from a longer work of literature, poetry, etc. or what someone else has said

Quotation

the quantity or number of products sold or services provided by a company in a particular period of time

Sales volume

a small number of people from a larger group that is being tested

Sample of people

making sure that company's products, services, and overall customer experience meet customer expectations

Satisfy customer needs

if the market for a product is saturated, there is more of the product available than there are people who want to buy it

Saturated

completely filled with something so that no more can be added

Saturated

completely wet

Saturated

data that is publicly available, rather than data that an organization collects for itself

Secondary data

moving, acting, or working with less than usual speed or energy

Sluggish

moving or operating more slowly than usual

Sluggish

the fact of something reaching a level or point at which something starts to happen or change

Threshold effect

the fact that advertising for a product or service has to reach a certain level before sales increase

Threshold effect

to plan, hope, or intend to achieve something

To aim at

to produce something for a particular purpose or a particular group of people

To aim at

to try to find out detailed information about a lot of different people or things, usually by asking people a series of questions

To carry out a survey

if a company corners the market in a particular type of product, it is more successful than any other company at selling the product

To corner the market

to show how a product or company is different from other similar ones and what its advantages are, especially in order to attract a particular group of consumers

To differentiate

to show or find the difference between one thing and another, or between things that are compared

To differentiate

to calculate the derivative of a function

To differentiate

to stop producing or offering a product

To discontinue a product

to engage in the process of gathering and analyzing information about a market, product, or service in order to gain insight into customers, competitors, and the market itself

To do/carry out/conduct market research

to debut a new product to the market and make that product generally available for purchase

To launch/introduce/bring out a product

to earn less money than the amount that is spent

To make a loss

to earn more money than the amount that is spent

To make a profit

to reach a stage where no more can be added, contained, or accepted

To reach saturation

to divide the target market into approachable groups creating subsets of the market based on demographics, needs, priorities, common interests, and other psychographic or behavioral criteria used to better understand the target audience

To segment a market

to establish or come up with a price for which one is willing to buy or sell something

To set a price

to pay part of the cost of producing a good in order to reduce its price (action taken mostly by the government)

To subsidize prices

to direct an action, advertising, or a product at a particular person or group

To target at

to make changes to the existing product or to release a new product with enhanced features and/or improved functionality

To upgrade a product

1 to take money out of an account 2 to take something back, or to remove something 3 to stop being involved in a situation, having a particular responsibility, or belonging to an organization

To withdraw

to stop selling a product or offering a service, usually because of a problem or fault

To withdraw a product

an offer that consists of everything consumers evaluate when deciding whether to buy something

Total product offer

a name or symbol on a product that shows it was made by a particular company, and that it cannot be used by other companies without permission

Trademark

something very noticeable that a person typically has or does

Trademark

a feature of a product that makes it different from and better than other similar products and that can be emphasized in advertisements for the product

USP, unique selling point/proposition

1 a service that is used by the public, such as an electricity or gas supply 2 a company that provides a service such as an electricity or gas supply

Utilities

the relation of cost, quality and sustainability. An adjective before the phrase evaluates how much that relation meets customer requirements

Value-for-money

a person or company that sells goods to stores or other businesses, etc. rather than to the public

Wholesaler