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what people mean by their utterances rather than what the words or phrases mean by themselves; it is linked with discourse analysis
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the circumstances and the audience or the public; it is the discourse that surrounds a language unit and helps to determine its interpretation
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a set of other words used in the same phrase or context
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interpretation based on the physical environment in which the meaning is interpreted
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meaning that is hidden behind the meanings of words and the meanings of sentences out of context
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specifying functions of words
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expressions which cannot be interpreted without reference to physical context; they include person deixis and social deixis
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I: the speaker, you: the addressee, he/she/it: neither the speaker or addressee
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refers to the social status of participants(honorific forms)
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here there this that - indicate physical distance from the speaker
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now then - used to describe location in time
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an act in which speaker or a writer uses linguistic forms to enable a listener or reader to identify something (words themselves do not refer to anything, people do!!!)
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linguistic forms like proper nouns, definite or indefinite noun phrases and pronouns
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its role in communication is to allow the listener to identify correctly which particular entity the speaker is referring to
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„reffering back”, it is realized by expressions used to mantain reference to something or someone already mentioned (the boy-he) - the boy is called antecedent in this relationship
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„referring forward”, (if you need one, there is a towel there)
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the knowledge the speaker assumes the listener has; we take certain things for granted to communicate new things
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are groups of utterances with a single interactional function
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linguistics form and functions Lernen beginnen
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imperative mood (commands), indicative mood (statements), interrogative mood (questions)
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felicity (happiness) conditions Lernen beginnen
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speakers do the interpreting in very specific condictions which are conducive(sprzyjajace) to appropriate interpretations of speech acts, this conditions are called
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an intention to be polite and not hurt someone’s face
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one’s self-image which may be threatened or saved in language interaction by face-threatening or face-saving acts
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