Psychologia po angielsku

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CIRCADIAN RHYTHM
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ia a biological rhythm that has a period of about twenty four hours and includes the human sleep cycle.
BIOLOGICAL RHYTHM
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is a variation in a biological system that goes through a regular cycle, and may or may not have psychological effects.
SLEEP STAGE
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is one of five stages of sleep that a person experiences while asleep, and are part of either REM or NREM sleep.
DELTA WAVES
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are short, regular brainwaves, and generally occur during periods of deep sleep.
INTERNAL DESYNCHRONIZATION
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is a state in which biological rhythms do not match up to each other.
INFRADIAN RHYTHM
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is a biological rhythm that occurs less than once per day, for example – menstrual cycle.
REM SLEEP
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is a period of sleep in which the eyes move, the muscles lose tone, and the sleeping person dreams.
ULTRADIAN RHYTHM
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is a biological rhythm that occur more often than once per day, and includes the stages in the human sleep cycle.
ALTERED STATE
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is a state of consciousness that differs from a normal state of sleep or wakefulness.
PRECONSCIOUS
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is the part of the mind storing thoughts and memories that a person is not immediately aware of, but can easily recall if need.
SHIFT
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is a change in a state of something.
AWARE
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he or she is able to perceive and understand the surrounding environment.
CONSCIOUSNESS
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is a person’s immediate awareness of his or her thoughts, sensations, existence, and surrounding environment.
AROUSED
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he or she is alert and ready to react to stimuli.
AUTOMATIC BEHAVIOR
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behavior that a person performs without being aware of it.
RELAXED
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when person is awake but not alert or aroused.
UNCONSCIOUS
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is the part of the mind that a person is not aware of, but which influences his or her actions and feelings.
STATE
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is a person’s mental or physical condition at a particular time.
DURATION
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is the length of time during which something continues to happen.
SENSORY MEMORY
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is a system of memory that stores extremely accurate information from the senses for a short amount of time.
MEMORY
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is the part of the mind that retains and retrieves information.
REHEARSAL
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is the act of repeating information in order to keep it in short term memory.
RETENTION
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is the ability to store facts and information in the memory.
ENCODING
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is the change that information goes through so that the mind can store and retrieve it from the memory.
INFORMATION PROCESSING
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is the ability the mind uses to understand and categorize thoughts and sensory perception.
LONG-TERM
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existing for a great or extended period of time.
RETRIEVAL
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is the ability to recall facts and information from the memory.
SHORT-TERM
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existing for a brief period of time.
ECHOIC MEMORY
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is type of sensory memory that retains information that someone hears for a short period of time.
PHONETIC LOOP
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a part of memory system that rehearses verbal information to keep it in memory.
ACOUSTIC CODE
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collection of information that is organized by the way it sounds.
EXPLICIT MEMORY
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is the conscious recollection of information or an event.
CHUNKING
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act of organizing small amounts of information into larger groups so they become easier to remember.
IMPLICIT MEMORY
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is information that a person does not consciously remember, but which has an effect on his or her behavior.
ICONIC MEMORY
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- is type of sensory memory that retains information for a short period of time
VISUO-SPATIAL SKETCHPAD
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is a part of memory system that holds visual and spatial information in memory
ROTE REHEARSAL
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the act of repeating a specific sequence of information to keep it in short term memory.
ASSOCIATIVE LEARNING
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is a form of learning in which an individual makes connections between two stmuli or between a behawior and stimulus.
LEARNING
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is a process through which individuals gain knowledge or skills.
CONDITIONING
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is a form of learning in which an individual makes an association between a particular stimulus and a particular response
COGNITIVE
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related to conscious mental processes, like thinking or remembering.
AFFECTIVE
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if something is affective, it is related to mood or emotional state.
HABITUATION
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is a process by which an individual temporalily becomes familiar with a stimulus and no longer responds to it with the same strenght as before.
ENCULTURATION
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- is a process through which individuals learn about and become part of their surrounding culture.
MEMORIZATION
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is a form of learning in which an individual is able to recall something perfectly after learning it, but does not necessarily understand what it means.
PSYCHOMOTOR
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is a something related to body movements associated with mental activities.
PLAY
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is an activity that individuals, especially children, participate in primarily for enjoyement. It is also important form of learning.
AFFECT
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to affect is to change something.
INTRAPERSONAL
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something related to an individual’s understanding of themself.
LINGUISTIC
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something related to words of language.
BIAS
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is an idea or prejudice that influences a person’s thinking.
INTELLIGENCE
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is the ability to think and learn about the world, and to understand new ideas.
INTERPERSONAL
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something related to the relationships between people.
GENERAL INTELLIGENCE
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is the factor that intelligence test generally measure, and that psychologists consider a good indication of a person’s reasoning and problem solving abilities.
BODY-KINESTETIC
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related to the body’s movement and coordination.
MUSICAL
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something related to the apprecation or production of music.
LOGICAL-MATHEMATICAL
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something related to problem-solving and reasoning.
IQ
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is generally accepted measurement of intelligence based on scores from standardized test.
SPATIAL
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something related to movement and orientation in three-dimensional space.
THEORY OF MULTIPLE INTELLIGENCES
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an idea that there are many different elements of intelligence, and that people can have varying levels of them.
DENOTE
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to denote something is to indicate or represent it directly.
SYNTAX
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is a set of rules that determines how words are arranged to form phrases and sentences in particulr language.
LINGUISTICS
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is the study of language and its parts.
CONNOTE
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to connote something is to suggest or imply something other than the direct or literal meaning.
CONCEPT
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is an idea
MOPRHEME
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is the smallest unit of meaning in a language.
LANGUAGE
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is the use of words to communicate through writing or speaking.
GRAMMAR
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is a set of rules that determine how words can be used in the structure of language.
PSYCHOLINGUISTICS
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is the study of how the brain acquires and uses language.
SEMANTICS
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is the study of the meanings of words.
PHONEME
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is the smallest unit of sound in a language.
DISPOSITION
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is a particular person’s normal way of approaching or reacting to actions.
PATTERN
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is a set of events or behaviors that occurs repeatedly in the same way.
RESPONSE
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is someone’s action or thought as a result of a particular event.
INTROVERT
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person who prefers to be alone rather than interact with other people.
AGGRESSIVE
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if [...] he or she is likely to act forcefully or argue with others.
PESSIMISTIC
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someone believes that future events will be unpleasant or undesirable.
EXTROVERT
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person who enjoys interacting with other people in a friendly way.
PASSIVE
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if someone is passive, they are not likely to act forcefully or argue with others.
OPTIMISTIC
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someone believes that future event will be pleasant and desirable.
PERSONALITY
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is a set of qualities and habits that distinguishes a particular person from other people.

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