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vulnerable
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susceptible to physical or emotional attack or harm
The small child was vulnerable to the bully's taunts.
exposure
especially harmful conditions or influences.
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the state of being exposed to something
Prolonged exposure to the sun can cause sunburn.
deceive
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to make someone believe something that is not true in order to gain an advantage
He tried to deceive his friends with a false story.
predicament
unpleasant
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a difficult
She found herself in a difficult predicament when her car broke down.
or embarrassing situation
accomplishment
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something that has been achieved successfully
Graduating college was a significant accomplishment for her.
tremendous
amount
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very great in size
The storm caused tremendous damage to the coastal town.
or intensity
Colorado
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a state in the western United States
We went skiing in Colorado last winter.
specimens
The museum displayed various fossil specimens.
especially one preserved for study
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a sample or example of something
fossilized
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(of an organism) converted into a fossil
The fossilized remains of the dinosaur were found in the rock.
bilingual
speaking both English and Spanish.
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speaking two languages fluently
She is bilingual
belching
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to emit gas noisily from the stomach through the mouth
He couldn't help belching after drinking the soda.
staggering
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deeply shocking or astonishing
The cost of the project was staggering.
spite
annoy
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a desire to hurt
He did it out of spite
or offend someone
pragmatic
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dealing with things realistically and practically rather than theoretically
Her pragmatic approach solved the problem quickly.
perspiration
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sweat
He wiped the perspiration from his forehead after the workout.
theoretical
focusing on abstract ideas.
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concerned with or involving the theory of a subject or area of study rather than its practical application
The discussion was very theoretical
steep
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rising or falling sharply; nearly perpendicular
The road had a steep incline.
spare
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additional to what is required for ordinary use
We kept a spare tire in the trunk.
metabolism
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the chemical processes by which a living thing uses food to produce energy and grow
Exercise can boost your metabolism.
linger
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stay in a place longer than is necessary or expected
The smell of smoke lingered in the air.
sedentary
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tending to spend much time seated; inactive
A sedentary lifestyle can lead to health problems.
abundance
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a very large quantity of something
There was an abundance of food at the festival.
optimism
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hopefulness and confidence about the future or the success of something
Her optimism was contagious.
beleaguered
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in a very difficult situation
The beleaguered company struggled to survive.
brink
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the edge or verge of something
They were on the brink of disaster.
colloquial
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(of language) used in ordinary or familiar conversation; not formal or literary.
He used colloquial language in his speech.
imply
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suggest (something) as a logical consequence
Her silence seemed to imply agreement.
agrarian
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relating to cultivated land or the cultivation of land
The region is primarily agrarian.
benchmarks
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a standard or point of reference against which things may be compared or assessed
The company set new benchmarks for customer service.
acoustic
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relating to sound or the sense of hearing
The concert had excellent acoustic quality.
entrepreneurs
Many entrepreneurs start their own businesses.
taking on greater than normal financial risks in order to do so.
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a person who organizes and operates a business or businesses
venom
spiders
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a poisonous substance secreted by animals such as snakes
The snake's venom is very potent.
and scorpions and typically injected into prey or aggressors by biting or stinging.
porous
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(of a material or membrane) having minute spaces or holes through which liquid or air may pass
The porous rock allowed water to seep through.
echolocation
Bats use echolocation to navigate in the dark.
especially by animals such as bats and dolphins
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the use of reflected sound waves to locate objects
immune
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resistant to a particular infection or toxin owing to the presence of specific antibodies or sensitized white blood cells.
He is immune to chickenpox.
orbital
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relating to an orbit or orbits
The satellite is in an orbital path around the Earth.
evolution
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the process by which different kinds of living organisms are thought to have developed and diversified from earlier forms during the history of the earth.
Darwin's theory of evolution changed our understanding of biology.
propulsion
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the action of driving or pushing forward
The rocket uses chemical propulsion.
configuration
figure
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an arrangement of elements in a particular form
The computer's configuration was optimized for gaming.
or combination
barrier
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a circumstance or obstacle that keeps people or things apart or prevents communication or progress
Language can be a barrier to communication.
gleaned
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extract (information) from various sources
She gleaned information from several articles.
Shakespeare
and actor
a famous English playwright
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William Shakespeare
poet
abrupt
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sudden and unexpected
The meeting ended abruptly.
equities
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the value of the shares issued by a company
He invested in equities.
federal
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relating to or denoting the central government of the US or other federations
Federal laws apply across the country.
debris
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scattered pieces of rubbish or remains
The storm left debris scattered across the street.
hitting
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striking or coming into forcible contact with something
He was hitting the baseball with the bat.
conflict
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a serious disagreement or argument
The two countries were in a state of conflict.
biased
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unfairly prejudiced for or against someone or something
The report was biased and did not represent all viewpoints.
aptitude
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a natural ability to do something
She has an aptitude for languages.
crude
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in a natural or raw state; not yet processed or refined
The oil was crude and needed refining.
polemical
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expressing or constituting a strongly critical attack on or controversial opinion about someone or something.
“a polemical essay”
fright
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a sudden feeling of fear
She jumped in fright when she heard the noise.
exploit
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make full use of and derive benefit from (a resource).
Companies exploit natural resources for profit.
giant
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an imaginary or mythical being of human form but superhuman size.
The giant in the story was very strong.
nuisance
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a person, thing, or circumstance causing inconvenience or annoyance.
Mosquitoes are a nuisance in the summer.
recession
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a period of temporary economic decline during which trade and industrial activity are reduced
The country was in a recession.
incumbent
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necessary for (someone) as a duty or responsibility
It is incumbent upon us to help those in need.
influx
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an arrival or entry of large numbers of people or things
There was an influx of tourists during the summer.
feathers
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the light horny waterproof structures forming the plumage of a bird
The bird fluffed its feathers.
cope
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deal effectively with something difficult
She learned to cope with stress.
abundant
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existing or available in large quantities; plentiful
The forest has abundant wildlife.
prominent
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important; famous
The prominent actor was at the event.
mortality
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the state of being subject to death
The mortality rate increased during the epidemic.
plankton
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the aggregate of passively floating
prawns change their diet from plant plankton to animal plankton
lucrative
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producing a great deal of profit
The business was very lucrative.
hypothesis
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a supposition or proposed explanation made on the basis of limited evidence as a starting point for further investigation
The scientist developed a hypothesis.
toddlers
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a young child who is just learning to walk
The park was full of toddlers.
speculate
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form a theory or conjecture about a subject without firm evidence
They began to speculate about the cause of the accident.
correlation
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a mutual relationship or connection between two or more things
There is a correlation between smoking and lung cancer.
undetectable
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impossible to detect or discover
The trace amounts of the chemical were undetectable.
preliminary
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denoting an action or event preceding or done in preparation for something fuller or more important
The preliminary results were promising.
neutral
disagreement
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not supporting or helping either side in a conflict
The judge remained neutral throughout the trial.
etc.; impartial
legislation
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laws, considered collectively.
New legislation was passed.
alleged
without proof
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said
The alleged thief was arrested.
to have taken place or to have a specified characteristic
flawed
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having or characterized by flaws
The plan was flawed from the start.
delegation
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a body of delegates or representatives
The delegation met with foreign officials.
consolidate
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combine (a number of things) into a single more effective or coherent whole
They decided to consolidate their departments.
exploded
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burst or shatter violently
The bomb exploded.
surpassed
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exceed; be greater than
Her performance surpassed all expectations.
regime
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a government especially an authoritarian one
The oppressive regime was overthrown.
spike
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a sharp increase in the magnitude or concentration of something
There was a spike in demand for the product.
interpreters
The conference needed interpreters for the international guests.
especially one who translates speech orally
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a person who interprets
Word
blank
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Definition
Example
innovators
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a person who introduces new methods
Innovators drive progress in technology.
treasury
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a place or organization where public revenues are collected
The treasury manages the country's finances.
indulged
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allow oneself to enjoy the pleasure of
She indulged in a piece of chocolate cake.
fatal
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causing death
The accident was fatal.
biomass
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the total mass of organisms in a given area or volume
The forest had a high biomass.
equivalent
meaning
amount
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equal in value
etc.
function
latitude
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the angular distance of a place north or south of the earth's equator
The ship's latitude was 40 degrees north.
depict
painting
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show or represent by a drawing
The painting depicts a beautiful landscape.
or other art form
monolith
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a large single upright block of stone
The ancient monolith stood tall.
cognitive
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relating to cognition; involving thinking
reservoir
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a large natural or artificial lake used as a source of water supply
The city's reservoir was full after the rain.
trapped
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caught in or as if in a trap
The miners were trapped underground.
aesthetic
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concerned with beauty or the appreciation of beauty
The building had a beautiful aesthetic design.
dimensions
depth
such as length
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a measurable extent of a particular kind
or height
breadth
glimpse
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a momentary or partial view
She caught a glimpse of the celebrity.
peripheral
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relating to or situated on the edge or periphery of something
The peripheral vision helped him see the car.
flint
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a hard gray rock consisting of nearly pure silica
Early humans used flint for tools.
mergers
organizations
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the combining of two or more companies
The company announced several mergers.
etc.
miserable
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very unhappy or uncomfortable
He felt miserable after losing the game.
phenomenal
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very remarkable; extraordinary
The athlete's performance was phenomenal.
insight
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the capacity to gain an accurate and deep intuitive understanding of a person or thing.
She had an insight into the problem.
creepy
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causing an unpleasant feeling of fear or unease
The old house had a creepy atmosphere.
botanical
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relating to plants
The botanical garden was beautiful.
opted
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make a choice from a range of possibilities
He opted for the blue shirt.
exaggerated
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represented as being larger or greater than is actually the case
The story was exaggerated.
derived
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obtain something from (a specified source).
The word is derived from Latin.
rival
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a person or thing competing with another for the same objective
The two companies were rivals.
hires
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employ (someone) for wages.
The company hires new employees every month.
frenzied
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wildly excited or uncontrolled
The crowd was frenzied during the concert.
antiquarian
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relating to or dealing in antiques or rare books
The antiquarian shop had many old books.
disputed
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contested; argued about.
The land ownership was disputed.
prone
typically something regrettable or unwelcome.
do
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likely to suffer from
or experience something
abide
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accept or act in accordance with (a rule
You must abide by the rules.
hive
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a structure in which bees live
The bees lived in a hive.
utter
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complete; absolute.
He spoke with utter confidence.
breed
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a stock of animals or plants within a species having a distinctive appearance and typically having been developed by deliberate selection.
The dog is a rare breed.
famine
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extreme scarcity of food
The famine caused widespread suffering.
chucking
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throwing something carelessly
He was chucking rocks into the water.
accommodate
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provide lodging or sufficient space for; fit in with the wishes or needs of.
The hotel can accommodate 200 guests.
conjecture
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an opinion or conclusion formed on the basis of incomplete information.
His conjecture was based on limited evidence.
receptors
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an organ or cell able to respond to external stimuli and transmit a signal to a sensory nerve.
The skin has pain receptors.
inadvertently
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without intention; accidentally.
He inadvertently deleted the file.
substantially
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to a great or significant extent
The price has increased substantially.
boost
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help or encourage (something) to increase or improve.
The new policy will boost the economy.
dread
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anticipate with great apprehension or fear.
She dreaded the upcoming test.
swung
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move or be moved to and fro or from side to side while suspended or on a hinge.
The door swung open.
frontiers
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a line or border separating two countries.
They explored the frontiers of science.
coercive
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relating to or using force or threats.
The government used coercive tactics.
absurd
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wildly unreasonable, illogical, or inappropriate.
.
The idea was absurd.
exploration
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the action of traveling in or through an unfamiliar area in order to learn about it.
Space exploration is important.
pertaining
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relating to; concerning.
The documents pertaining to the case were reviewed.
endurance
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the capacity of something to last or to withstand wear and tear.
The marathon tested the athlete's endurance.
hierarchy
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a system or organization in which people or groups are ranked one above the other according to status or authority.
The company had a strict hierarchy.
deprivation
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the damaging lack of material benefits considered to be basic necessities in a society.
Sleep deprivation can affect your health.
concrete
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existing in a material or physical form; not abstract.
The plan was concrete and detailed.
equation
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a statement that the values of two mathematical expressions are equal (indicated by the sign =).
The equation was complex.
intractable
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hard to control or deal with.
The problem seemed intractable.
fatigued
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cause (someone) to feel tired or exhausted.
The long hike fatigued them.
shrimp
We had shrimp for dinner.
typically marine and frequently harvested for food.
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a small free-swimming crustacean with an elongated body
accelerating
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begin to move more quickly.
The car was accelerating.
harbor
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a place on the coast where ships may moor in shelter
they enjoyed fishing in the harbor
lent
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past tense of lend
He lent me his book.
exhumed
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dig out (something buried
The body was exhumed for further investigation.
scrambled
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make (something) into a disordered jumble.
They scrambled to find the keys.
facilitate
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make (an action or process) easy or easier.
The new software will facilitate communication.
evaluate
number
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form an idea of the amount
The teacher will evaluate the students' work.
or value of; assess.
estimates
or extent of.
number
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roughly calculate or judge the value
quantity
coherent
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logical and consistent.
The speech was coherent and well-organized.
swirling
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moving in a twisting or spiraling pattern.
The leaves were swirling in the wind.
coral
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a hard stony substance secreted by certain marine polyps
The coral reef was beautiful.
tore
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past tense of tear
He tore his shirt.
subsequent
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coming after something in time; following.
Subsequent events proved him right.
brooding
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showing deep unhappiness of thought.
He had a brooding expression.
swapped
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give something and receive something else in exchange.
They swapped places.
covenant
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an agreement.
They made a covenant.
disrupt
activity
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interrupt (an event
The protest disrupted traffic.
or process) by causing a disturbance or problem.
viable
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capable of working successfully; feasible.
The plan was viable.
valley
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a low area of land between hills or mountains
The valley was green and lush.
devised
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plan or invent (a complex procedure
They devised a new strategy.
conspicuous
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easily visible.
His bright shirt was conspicuous.
spectators
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a person who watches at a show
The spectators cheered loudly.
inevitable
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certain to happen; unavoidable.
Change is inevitable.
extensively
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in a thorough or widespread way; to a great extent.
The topic was discussed extensively.
premise
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a previous statement or proposition from which another is inferred or follows as a conclusion.
The argument was based on a false premise.
sustain
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strengthen or support physically or mentally.
The food will sustain you.
prolonged
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continuing for a long time or longer than usual; lengthy.
Prolonged exposure to the sun is harmful.
Word
blank
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Definition
Example
amplify
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increase the volume of (sound)
The music was amplified for the concert.
athletes
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a person who participates in sports or other physical activities.
The athletes trained hard for the competition.
amino
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relating to or containing an amino group.
Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins.
analog
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relating to or using signals or information represented by a continuously variable physical quantity.
An analog clock uses hands to show the time.
spinal
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relating to the spine or spinal cord.
The injury affected his spinal cord.
yield
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produce or provide (a natural
The farm yielded a large crop of wheat.
profound
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very great or intense.
The speaker's words had a profound impact.
greeks
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a native or inhabitant of Greece
The ancient Greeks were known for their philosophy.
emission
The factory's emission of pollutants was a concern.
especially gas or radiation.
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the production and discharge of something
thrive
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prosper; flourish.
Plants thrive in sunlight.
newton
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a unit of force equal to the force that imparts an acceleration of 1 m/s² to a mass of 1 kg.
The force was measured in newtons.
orbiting
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moving in an orbit around a celestial body or object.
The satellite was orbiting the Earth.
echoes
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a sound or series of sounds caused by the reflection of sound waves from a surface back to the listener.
The echoes bounced off the canyon walls.
ascents
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an upward slope or path.
The climber made several ascents up the mountain.
impose
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force (something unwelcome or unfamiliar) to be accepted or put in place.
The government imposed new taxes.
fleeing
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running away from a place or situation of danger.
The refugees were fleeing the war.
assertion
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a confident and forceful statement of fact or belief.
His assertion was met with skepticism.
submerged
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completely covered with a liquid.
The boat was submerged after the storm.
escalating
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increasing rapidly.
The conflict was escalating.
barred
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prevented or forbidden from doing something or going somewhere.
He was barred from entering the building.
latino
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a person of Latin American origin or descent.
The Latino community celebrated their heritage.
erosion
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the process of eroding or being eroded by wind or other natural agents.
Soil erosion can damage farmland.
resembling
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having a similar appearance to someone or something; looking like.
The child was resembling his father.
cortex
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the outer layer of the cerebrum
The brain's cortex is responsible for higher cognitive functions.
abandoned
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having been deserted or left.
The abandoned house was haunted.
terrible
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extremely bad or serious.
The weather was terrible.
deficiency
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a lack or shortage.
Vitamin deficiency can lead to health problems.
compound
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a thing that is composed of two or more separate elements; a mixture.
Water is a compound of hydrogen and oxygen.
acute
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present or experienced to a severe or intense degree.
He had an acute pain in his side.
hazard
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a danger or risk.
The chemical spill was a hazard.
cluster
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a group of similar things or people positioned or occurring closely together.
There was a cluster of stars in the sky.
bother
I'll do it.
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take the trouble to do something.
Don't bother to clean
humor
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the quality of being amusing or comic
He had a good sense of humor.
trait
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a characteristic or quality.
Honesty is a desirable trait.
pacific
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peaceful in character or intent.
The nation sought a pacific solution.
retrieval
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the process of getting something back from somewhere.
Data retrieval from the hard drive was successful.
obscured
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keep from being seen; conceal.
The fog obscured the view.
galactic
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relating to a galaxy or galaxies
The galactic center is a mystery.
brunt
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the worst part or chief impact of a specified thing.
The small business bore the brunt of the recession.
thawed
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become or make (something) no longer frozen.
The ice thawed in the sun.
emitting
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produce and discharge (something
The car was emitting smoke.
mythical
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occurring in myths or fables.
The unicorn is a mythical creature.
stir
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move or cause to move slightly.
The wind stirred the leaves.
incorruptibility
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the quality of being incorruptible.
His incorruptibility was respected.
negotiate
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try to reach an agreement or compromise by discussion with others.
They tried to negotiate a peace treaty.
pioneering
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involving new ideas or methods; original and innovative.
She did pioneering work in genetics.
eradicate
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destroy completely; put an end to.
The goal is to eradicate poverty.
recruitment
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the action of enlisting new people in the armed forces or a similar organization.
The company is focusing on recruitment of new talent.
gesture
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a movement of part of the body
He made a gesture of apology.
sedimentary
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relating to or denoting rock formed from sediment deposited by water or air.
Sedimentary rocks contain fossils.
herbs
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any plant with leaves or flowers used for flavoring
flutter
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move with a light trembling motion.
The butterfly's wings fluttered.
inaugural
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marking the beginning of a system or office.
The inaugural speech was inspiring.
miraculously
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in a way that suggests a miracle; amazingly.
He miraculously survived the accident.
sleek
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smooth and glossy coat
congestion
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the state of being crowded or blocked.
Traffic congestion is a problem in the city.
paradoxically
less is sometimes more.
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in a seemingly self-contradictory way.
Paradoxically
discretion
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the quality of behaving or speaking in such a way as to avoid causing offense or revealing private information.
He showed discretion in his dealings.
corridors
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a long passage in a building from which doors lead into rooms.
The corridors were brightly lit.
pervasive
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spreading widely throughout an area or a group of people.
The smell of smoke was pervasive.
studiously
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in a manner characterized by diligent study or attention.
He studied studiously for the exam.
suction
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the action or process of sucking.
The vacuum cleaner uses suction.
swallow
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cause or allow (something) to pass down one's throat.
He swallowed the pill.
wound
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an injury to living tissue caused by a cut
a knife wound
feats
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an achievement that requires great courage
The athlete performed amazing feats.
spills
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allow or cause (liquid) to flow over the edge of its container.
Don't spill the milk.
manipulate
typically in a skillful manner.
mechanism
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handle or control (a tool
etc.)
cumulative
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increasing or increased in quantity
The cumulative effect was significant.
meticulous
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showing great attention to detail; very careful and precise.
She was meticulous in her work.
curtail
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reduce in extent or quantity; impose a restriction on.
They had to curtail their spending.
triggers
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an event or thing that initiates or precipitates something.
Stress can be a trigger for headaches.
align
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place or arrange (things) in a straight line.
Align the text to the left.
starvation
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suffering or death caused by lack of food.
Starvation is a serious problem.
port
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a town or city with a harbor or access to navigable water where ships load or unload.
The ships docked at the port.
clogged
The drain was clogged.
wet matter.
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blocked with an accumulation of thick
reinforce
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strengthen or support
They reinforced the bridge.
preferential
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of or relating to preference or priority; giving or showing an advantage to one over another.
They offered preferential treatment.
shaky
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trembling or unsteady.
He felt shaky after the accident.
sovereign
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possessing supreme or ultimate power.
The nation is sovereign.
navigational
aircraft
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relating to the navigation of ships
The ship used navigational equipment.
or space vehicles.
rigidly
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in a stiff or inflexible manner; not flexible.
The rules were applied rigidly.
wholly
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entirely; completely.
The project was wholly successful.
sympathetic
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feeling or expressing sympathy.
She was sympathetic to his situation.
tragic
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causing or characterized by extreme distress or sorrow.
The accident was tragic.
innate
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inborn; natural.
He has an innate talent for music.
mushy
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soft and pulpy.
The fruit was mushy.
compost
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decayed organic material used as a plant fertilizer.
They used compost in the garden.
Word
blank
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Definition
Example
vigorous
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strong and healthy; full of energy.
He gave a vigorous performance.
circadian
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relating to or denoting the daily cycle of biological activity.
Circadian rhythms affect sleep.
cruise
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sail about in an area without a precise destination
They went on a cruise to the Caribbean.
rebuke
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express sharp disapproval or criticism of (someone) because of their behavior or actions.
The teacher rebuked the student for cheating.
entrench
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establish (an attitude or belief) so firmly that change or removal is very difficult or unlikely.
Prejudices can become entrenched in society.
interim
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in or for the time between; temporary.
He served as interim manager.
tortured
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cause great pain or suffering to.
The prisoners were tortured.
intermittent
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occurring at irregular intervals; not continuous or steady.
The rain was intermittent.
imitation
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a thing intended to simulate or copy something else.
This is an imitation of a famous painting.
spiral
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winding in a continuous and gradually widening (or tightening) curve.
The staircase had a spiral design.
encase
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enclose or cover in a case.
The artifact was encased in glass.
honor
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special respect shown publicly.
He received an honor for his bravery.
prompting
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the action of prompting or reminding someone about something.
The teacher's prompting helped the student answer.
presidency
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the office or period of office of a president.
The presidency lasted four years.
fabled
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well known for being of great quality or rarity; famous.
The fabled city was known for its wealth.
transient
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lasting only for a short time; impermanent.
His feelings were transient.
refrain
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stop oneself from doing something.
She refrained from making a comment.
dive
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plunge headfirst into water or another substance or situation.
He took a dive into the pool.
solely
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only; not involving anyone or anything else; exclusively.
He was solely responsible for the project.
heaps
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an untidy collection of things piled up haphazardly.
There were heaps of clothes on the floor.
gauge
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an instrument or device for measuring the magnitude or amount of something.
Use a gauge to measure the pressure.
blown
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moved or carried by the wind.
The leaves were blown off the trees.
sublime
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of very great excellence or beauty.
The sunset was sublime.
farther
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at or to a greater distance; more remote.
He walked farther down the road.
arbitrary
The rules seemed arbitrary.
rather than any reason or system.
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based on random choice or personal whim
contraction
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the process of becoming smaller.
The contraction of the economy was a concern.
constituent
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being a part of a whole.
Water is a constituent of the human body.
masquerade
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a false show or pretense.
He put on a masquerade of happiness.
permeate
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spread throughout (something); pervade.
The smell of coffee permeated the air.
palatable
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pleasant to taste.
The food was palatable.
panicked
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feel or cause to feel sudden uncontrollable fear or anxiety.
They panicked when they saw the fire.
reversal
position
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a change to an opposite direction
There was a reversal of the decision.
or course of action.
forged
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copied fraudulently; fake.
they have illegally entered the UK using forged travel documents
reflexes
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an action that is performed without conscious thought as a response to a stimulus.
His reflexes were quick.
manifested
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display or show (a quality or feeling) by one's acts or appearance; demonstrate.
His anxiety manifested in headaches.
ideologies
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a system of ideas and ideals
Different political ideologies clashed.
fading
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gradually ceasing to be visible; becoming indistinct.
The colors were fading.
mutations
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the changing of the structure of a gene
the mutation of cooking into a form of show business
milder
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not severe, serious, or harsh.
The weather was milder than expected.
coexist
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exist at the same time or in the same place.
Different cultures can coexist peacefully.
elicit
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evoke or draw out (a response
Her question elicited a thoughtful response.
laureate
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a person honored with an award for outstanding creative or intellectual achievement.
The Nobel laureate gave a lecture.
hatchlings
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a recently hatched animal.
The turtle hatchlings made their way to the sea.
plaque
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an ornamental tablet
exacerbate
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make (a problem, bad situation, or negative feeling) worse.
The drought exacerbated the food shortage.
deputy
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a person appointed to undertake the duties of another in that person's absence.
The deputy mayor spoke at the event.
pollinators
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an animal that transfers pollen from an anther to a stigma
Bees are important pollinators.
clumped
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gather together in a cluster or group.
The flowers were clumped together.
coalition
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an alliance for combined action
The countries formed a coalition.
solidarity
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unity or agreement of feeling or action
The workers showed solidarity during the strike.
dismantle
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take (a machine or structure) to pieces.
They dismantled the old building.
manufacture
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make (something) on a large scale using machinery.
The company manufactures cars.
hampered
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hinder or impede the movement or progress of.
The storm hampered their travel plans.
abducted
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forcibly take (someone) away illegally.
The child was abducted.
memoir
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an account of the author's personal experiences.
She wrote a memoir about her childhood.
irrigate
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supply water to (land or crops) by means of channels or pipes.
They irrigated the fields.
confection
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a sweet dish or confection.
The bakery sold various confections.
arithmetic
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the branch of mathematics dealing with the properties and manipulation of numbers.
He was good at arithmetic.
stunned
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shocked or dazed; astonished.
They were stunned by the news.
squalid
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extremely dirty and unpleasant
They lived in squalid conditions.
notoriety
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the state of being famous or well known for some bad quality or deed.
The criminal gained notoriety.
alienates
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cause (someone) to feel isolated or estranged.
His behavior alienated his friends.
exquisitely
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in a very beautiful and delicate manner.
The dress was exquisitely designed.
discernment
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the ability to judge well.
She showed great discernment.
gulosity
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excessive appetite.
His gulosity was well-known.
gritty
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containing or resembling grit.
The sand was gritty.
immigrant
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a person who comes to live permanently in a foreign country.
Many immigrants came to the country seeking a better life.
ascertain
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find (something) out for certain; make sure of.
They tried to ascertain the truth.
hedging
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limit losses on (a bet or investment) by making compensating transactions.
They were hedging their bets.
hostile
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unfriendly; antagonistic.
The two countries had hostile relations.
dynastic
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relating to or denoting a line of rulers of the same family.
The dynastic rule lasted for centuries.
anesthetics
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a substance that induces insensitivity to pain.
They used anesthetics during the surgery.
antioxidant
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a substance that inhibits oxidation
Antioxidants are good for your health.
counterintuitive
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contrary to intuition or common sense.
The results were counterintuitive.
immersive
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providing or relating to deep engagement with a virtual or simulated environment.
The video game was immersive.
chaos
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complete disorder and confusion.
The storm caused chaos.
inflated
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distended by air or gas.
The balloon was inflated.
auction
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a public sale in which goods or property are sold to the highest bidder.
They held an auction to raise money.
stabilise
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make or become unlikely to change or decline.
They tried to stabilise the economy.
devotion
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love or enthusiasm for a person
his courage and devotion to duty never wavered
canopy
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an overhead covering or structure.
The trees formed a canopy.
exhaustion
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a state of extreme physical or mental fatigue.
He collapsed from exhaustion.
critic
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a person who expresses an unfavorable opinion of something.
The movie critic gave the film a bad review.
epic
typically one derived from ancient oral tradition
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a long poem
The Iliad is an epic poem.
narrating the deeds and adventures of heroic or legendary figures or the history of a nation.
Word
blank
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Definition
Example
valve
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a device for controlling the passage of fluid or air through a pipe or opening.
The heart has valves to regulate blood flow.
versus
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against (used to indicate an opposition or contrast between two things).
It was a match between the home team versus the visitors.
sojourners
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a person who resides temporarily in a place.
The travelers were sojourners in the small town.
mortgage
with the condition that the conveyance of title becomes void on the payment of the debt.
building society
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a legal agreement by which a bank
etc. lends money at interest in exchange for taking title of the debtor's property
surged
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move suddenly and powerfully forward or upward.
The crowd surged forward.
abstemious
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indulging only very moderately in food and drink.
He was abstemious in his eating habits.
bluntly
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in a direct and uncompromising way.
She spoke bluntly about the issue.
nonpartisan
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not biased or partisan
The report was nonpartisan.
descend
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move or fall downward.
The plane began to descend.
egyptian
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relating to ancient or modern Egypt.
The museum had Egyptian artifacts.
phoenician
language
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relating to ancient Phoenicia or its people
The Phoenician sailors were skilled navigators.
or culture.
haphazard
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lacking any obvious principle of organization.
The arrangement was haphazard.
arsenal
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a collection of weapons and military equipment.
The country had a large arsenal.
heritable
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capable of being inherited.
Eye color is a heritable trait.
contemplating
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look thoughtfully for a long time at.
He was contemplating his next move.
parasite
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an organism that lives in or on another organism (its host) and benefits by deriving nutrients at the host's expense.
Ticks are parasites.
melanoma
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a tumor of melanin-forming cells
Melanoma is a serious form of skin cancer.
frantically
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in a hurried or disorganized manner.
They searched frantically for the lost keys.
foyer
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an entrance hall or other open area in a building used for public gatherings.
The guests gathered in the foyer.
suffocated
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die from lack of air or inability to breathe.
The smoke suffocated them.
transcends
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be or go beyond the range or limits of (a field of activity or conceptual sphere).
His performance transcends expectations.
emphasized
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give special importance or prominence to (something) in speaking or writing.
The teacher emphasized the importance of studying.
droplets
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a very small drop of a liquid.
The rain consisted of tiny droplets.
epidemiologist
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a person who studies or is an expert in the branch of medicine which deals with the incidence
The epidemiologist studied the outbreak.
aerobic
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relating to or requiring free oxygen.
Aerobic exercise is good for your heart.
gratify
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give (someone) pleasure or satisfaction.
The gift gratified her.
transmit
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cause (something) to pass on from one place or person to another.
Viruses can transmit diseases.
nomadic
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living the life of a nomad; wandering.
The tribe was nomadic.
wicked
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evil or morally wrong.
The wicked witch cast a spell.
bizarre
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very strange or unusual
The outfit was bizarre.
obese
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grossly fat or overweight.
Obesity can lead to health problems.
stimulated
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encourage or invigorate (interest or activity).
The lecture stimulated their curiosity.
spur
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give an incentive or encouragement to (someone).
The award spurred him to work harder.
illuminate
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light up.
The streetlights illuminated the road.
rigors
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demanding or difficult conditions; hardships.
They endured the rigors of winter.
reluctantly
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in a hesitant or unwilling way.
He reluctantly agreed.
obligated
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make (someone) legally or morally bound to an action or course of action.
He felt obligated to help.
retention
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the continued possession
Water retention can cause swelling.
oasis
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a fertile spot in a desert where water is found.
They found an oasis in the desert.
precarious
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not securely held or in position; dangerously likely to fall or collapse.
The ladder felt precarious.
adjudicated
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make a formal judgment or decision about (a problem or disputed matter).
The case was adjudicated in court.
riveted
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hold (someone or something) fast so as to make them incapable of movement.
They were riveted to the screen.
matrix
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an environment or material in which something develops; a surrounding medium or structure.
The matrix of society shapes individuals.
heft
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lift or carry (something heavy).
He hefted the heavy box.
paramilitary
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organized on military lines but not part of the regular armed forces.
The paramilitary group was involved in the conflict.
segment
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each of the parts into which something is or may be divided.
The orange was divided into segments.
detonated
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explode or cause to explode.
The bomb detonated.
illustrative
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serving as an example or explanation; demonstrating.
The chart was illustrative of the trend.
plowing
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turn up the earth of (an area of land) with a plow
They were plowing the field.
bucked
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oppose or resist (something that is established).
The horse bucked the rider.
composite
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made up of several parts or elements.
The material was a composite of wood and plastic.
phonology
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the branch of linguistics that deals with systems of sounds (including or excluding phonetics)
Phonology studies the sound patterns of a language.
onlookers
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a person who watches something happening but has no involvement in it.
The onlookers watched the accident.
entwined
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wind or twist together.
The vines were entwined around the tree.
envy
qualities
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a feeling of discontented or resentful longing aroused by someone else's possessions
She felt envy towards her friend's success.
or luck.
deflect
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cause to deviate from a straight path; turn aside.
The shield deflected the arrow.
hippocrates
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a Greek physician of the Age of Pericles (5th and 4th centuries BC)
Hippocrates is known for the Hippocratic Oath.
algorithms
The computer uses complex algorithms.
especially by a computer.
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a process or set of rules to be followed in calculations or other problem-solving operations
rehabilitating
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restore (someone) to health or normal life by training and therapy after imprisonment
They were rehabilitating the injured bird.
postnatal
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relating to the period after childbirth.
Postnatal care is important.
nina
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a female given name.
Nina went to the store.
capita
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per person.
The income per capita was high.
froze
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convert or be converted into ice or another solid as a result of extreme cold.
The water froze overnight.
canines
The dog showed its canines.
often greatly enlarged in carnivores.
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a pointed tooth between the incisors and premolars of a mammal
cluttered
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untidy; filled with clutter.
The room was cluttered.
wore
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past tense of wear.
She wore a dress.
drone
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a low continuous humming sound.
The drone of the engine was constant.
accosted
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approach and address (someone) boldly or aggressively.
He was accosted by a stranger.
extrapolate
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extend the application of (a method or conclusion) to an unknown situation by assuming that existing trends will continue or similar methods will be applicable.
They tried to extrapolate the data.
manhattan
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a borough of New York City.
We visited Manhattan.
claudication
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pain caused by too little blood flow
He suffered from claudication.
traumatized
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subject to lasting shock as a result of an emotionally disturbing experience or physical injury.
The soldiers were traumatized by the war.
gangrene
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death of body tissue due to a lack of blood flow or a serious bacterial infection.
Gangrene set in.
conservationist
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a person who advocates or acts for the protection and preservation of the environment and wildlife.
The conservationist worked to protect the forest.
stumbled
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trip or momentarily lose balance; almost fall.
She stumbled on the stairs.
fled
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run away from a place or situation of danger.
They fled the burning building.
splutters
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make a series of short
The car spluttered and stopped.
rapport
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a close and harmonious relationship in which the people or groups concerned understand each other's feelings or ideas and communicate well.
They built a good rapport.
rescue
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save (someone) from a dangerous or distressing situation.
They rescued the cat from the tree.
Word
blank
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Definition
Example
pluck
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take hold of (something) and pull it quickly to remove it.
She plucked the guitar strings.
fiddle
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touch or manipulate (something) restlessly or nervously.
He was fiddling with his keys.
gibberish
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unintelligible or meaningless speech or writing; nonsense.
What he said was complete gibberish.
greed
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intense and selfish desire for something
mercenaries who had allowed greed to overtake their principles
rebate
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a partial refund to someone who has paid too much money for tax
He received a rebate on his taxes.
relics
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an object surviving from an earlier time
The museum displayed ancient relics.
spits
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eject saliva forcibly from one's mouth.
He spits on the ground.
crick
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a painful stiffening of muscles
He had a crick in his neck.
quench
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satisfy (one's thirst) by drinking.
He quenched his thirst with water.
stealthy
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behaving or made in a cautious and surreptitious manner
stealthy footsteps
surreptitiously
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in a way that attempts to avoid notice or attention; secretly.
He surreptitiously glanced at his watch.
ballot
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the system of voting in secret.
They cast their ballot in the election.
transcription
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a written or printed representation of something.
The transcription of the interview was accurate.
frosty
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very cold with frost.
The morning was frosty.
brisk
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active and energetic.
He took a brisk walk.
accumulation
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the acquisition or gradual gathering of something.
The accumulation of snow made the roads dangerous.
fouled
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make dirty; pollute.
The water was fouled by the spill.
fumigation
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the action of fumigating; disinfection or purification by exposure to fumes.
The house required fumigation.
bilateral
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having or relating to two sides; affecting both sides.
They signed a bilateral agreement.
gilts
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gilded objects or decorations.
The room was decorated with gilts.
incurred
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become subject to (something unwelcome or unpleasant) as a result of one's own actions.
He incurred a fine.
restraint
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a measure or condition that keeps someone or something under control or within limits.
He showed restraint in his response.
osmotically
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relating to osmosis.
Water moved osmotically through the membrane.
perpetually
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in a way that never ends or changes; constantly.
The machine was perpetually running.
artifact
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an object made by a human being
The museum displayed ancient artifacts.
stabbings
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an act of wounding or killing with a pointed weapon.
There were several stabbings in the city.
exclusionary
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relating to or denoting a policy or practice of preventing access to people or things that would otherwise be included.
The policy was exclusionary.
antiquated
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old-fashioned or outdated.
The equipment was antiquated.
gallstones
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a hardened deposit within the fluid in the gallbladder
He suffered from gallstones.
tolerable
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able to be endured.
The pain was tolerable.
marginally
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to a limited extent; slightly.
The results were marginally better.
lidocaine
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a local anesthetic.
Lidocaine was used to numb the area.
misfortunes
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an unfortunate condition or event.
They shared their misfortunes.
leery
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cautious or wary due to realistic suspicions.
He was leery of the stranger.
hypothesize
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form a hypothesis.
They hypothesized about the cause.
chow
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food.
They ate some chow.
hurl
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throw forcefully.
He hurled the ball.
fling
She flung the door open.
especially so as to land or be caught.
Lernen beginnen
throw forcefully
nonchalant
Lernen beginnen
feeling or appearing casually calm and relaxed; not displaying anxiety
He was nonchalant about the test.
clamor
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a loud and confused noise
The crowd clamored for attention.
endorse
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declare one's public approval or support of.
He endorsed the candidate.
chummy
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on friendly terms; sociable.
They were chummy with each other.
stiff
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rigid; not easily bent or moved.
His muscles were stiff.
amplification
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the action or process of amplifying or being amplified.
The amplification of the sound was too loud.
squeeze
She gave his hand a squeeze.
especially a soft substance) with one's fingers.
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firmly press (something
spasms
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an involuntary muscular contraction.
He had muscle spasms.
tweets
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a post made on the social media website Twitter.
She posted tweets about her day.
agnostic
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a person who believes that nothing is known or can be known of the existence or nature of God.
He was an agnostic.
oxidize
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combine or become combined chemically with oxygen.
The metal began to oxidize.
chromophores
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a part of a molecule responsible for its color.
Chromophores absorb light.
acquisitions
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an asset or object bought or obtained
The museum made new acquisitions.
cannibalize
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use (a machine) as a source of spare parts for another, similar machine.
cannibalizing two broken-down cars might provide spare parts to make one working car
vaulting
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perform or take part in vaulting.
He was vaulting over the fence.
mend
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repair (something that is broken or torn).
She mended the tear in her dress.
glance
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take a brief or hurried look.
She glanced at her watch.
middens
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a refuse heap or mound; a dunghill.
They found artifacts in the middens.
hoarding
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amass (money or objects) and hide or store away.
He was hoarding food.
contortion
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a twisted or bent condition or state.
The contortion of his face showed pain.
sentinel
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a soldier or guard whose job is to stand and keep watch.
The sentinel stood guard.
philanthropy
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the desire to promote the welfare of others
His philanthropy helped many people.
errands
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a short journey undertaken to deliver or collect something
She ran errands for her mother.
meltdowns
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a disastrous collapse or breakdown.
He had emotional meltdowns.
stricken
Lernen beginnen
seriously affected by an undesirable condition or unpleasant feeling.
They were stricken with grief.
anecdotal
Lernen beginnen
not necessarily true or reliable
The evidence was anecdotal.
grueling
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extremely tiring and demanding.
The marathon was grueling.
refuge
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a condition of being safe or sheltered from pursuit
They sought refuge from the storm.
luminous
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emitting light; bright or shining
The moon was luminous.
corrective
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designed to correct or rectify something.
He underwent corrective surgery.
fundraiser
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a person or event involved in collecting money for a cause.
They held a fundraiser for charity.
sensitized
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cause (someone or something) to become sensitive to a substance or condition.
He was sensitized to pollen.
hooved
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having hooves.
The hooved animals grazed in the field.
potency
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the power of something to influence or make an impression.
The drug's potency was high.
plasma
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the colorless fluid part of blood or milk
exonerated
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absolve (someone) from blame for a fault or crime
He was exonerated of the charges.
fictitious
The story was fictitious.
being imaginary or having been fabricated.
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not real or true
stall
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a small compartment for one person in a bathroom or shower.
He went into the bathroom stall.
farfetched
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improbable; unlikely to be true.
The story was farfetched.
adulterated
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render (something) poorer in quality by adding another substance
The food was adulterated.
barrels
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a cylindrical container with bulging sides
They filled barrels with wine.
repellant
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able to repel a particular thing; impervious to a particular substance.
The spray was insect repellant.
puddles
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a small accumulation of liquid
They splashed in the puddles.
lesions
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a region in an organ or tissue that has suffered damage through injury or disease
collyrium
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a lotion for the eyes.
She used collyrium for her eye irritation.
calibrated
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correlate the readings of (an instrument) with a standard in order to check the instrument's accuracy.
The scale was calibrated.
Word
blank
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Definition
Example
podcast
typically available as a series
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a digital audio file made available on the Internet for downloading to a computer or mobile device
He listened to a podcast on history.
new installments of which can be received by subscribers automatically.
fecal
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relating to or containing feces.
Fecal matter can contaminate water.
grumpy
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bad-tempered and irritable.
He was grumpy in the morning.
obnoxious
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extremely unpleasant.
His behavior was obnoxious.
orleans
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a city in north-central France.
We visited Orleans.
fledgeling
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a young bird that has just fledged.
The fledgeling left the nest.
trill
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a quavering or vibratory sound
The bird sang a trill.
aphids
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a minute bug that feeds by sucking sap from plants.
Aphids were eating the roses.
harlequin
The harlequin performed tricks.
typically with a diamond-patterned costume.
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a mute character in traditional commedia dell'arte pantomime
suborbital
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denoting a trajectory that is less than a full orbit.
The rocket made a suborbital flight.
wintry
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characteristic of winter
The weather was wintry.
mated
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(of animals or birds) come together for breeding; copulate.
The birds mated in the spring.
nanometer
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one billionth of a meter.
The particles were measured in nanometers.
gerontologist
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a person who studies aging.
The gerontologist researched aging.
impeding
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delay or prevent (someone or something) by obstructing them; hinder.
The fallen tree was impeding traffic.
lowry
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a type of truck with a flat bed and collapsible sides.
The lowry carried the load.
bentonite
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an absorbent aluminum phyllosilicate clay consisting mostly of montmorillonite.
Bentonite is used in drilling mud.
duke
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a male holding the highest hereditary title in the peerage.
The duke attended the ceremony.
canonized
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declare (a dead person) to be a saint.
She was canonized by the church.
decadence
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moral or cultural decline as characterized by excessive indulgence in pleasure or luxury.
The city was known for its decadence.
cerberus
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the three-headed dog guarding the entrance to the Underworld in Greek mythology.
Cerberus guarded the gates.
meddling
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interfere in something that is not one's concern.
He was meddling in their affairs.
prosecutors
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a person who institutes legal proceedings.
The prosecutors presented their case.
orangutan
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a large ape with long reddish hair and legs
hipster
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a person who follows the latest trends and fashions
The hipster wore vintage clothing.
robbery
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the action of taking property unlawfully from a person or place by force or threat of force.
There was a robbery at the bank.
dame
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a title equivalent to that of knight
She was made a dame.
whittle
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carve (wood) by repeatedly cutting small slices from it.
He whittled a piece of wood.
devotees
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a person who is very interested and enthusiastic about someone or something.
The devotees followed the guru.
beatles
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a popular English rock group of the 1960s.
The Beatles were a famous band.
pretext
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a reason given in justification of a course of action that is not the real reason.
He used a pretext to avoid the meeting.
urges
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a strong desire or impulse.
He had urges to travel.
presumption
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an idea that is taken to be true on the basis of probability.
It was a presumption that he was guilty.
churn
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agitate or turn (milk or cream) in a machine to produce butter.
They churned the milk.
premonition
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a strong feeling that something is about to happen
She had a premonition of danger.
biographers
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a person who writes an account of someone's life.
The biographers wrote about his life.
hovers
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remain in one place in the air.
The helicopter hovers.
wingless
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having no wings.
The insect was wingless.
trawl
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fish with a trawl net or seine.
They trawl for fish.
narrowness
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the quality of being narrow.
The narrowness of the street made it hard to pass.
cocoon
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a silky case spun by the larvae of many insects for protection as pupae.
The caterpillar formed a cocoon.
dispensaries
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a place where medicines are dispensed.
They went to the dispensaries for medicine.
urbanized
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convert (a rural area) into an urban one.
The area was urbanized.
hector
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talk to (someone) in a bullying way.
He was hectoring his employees.
parolees
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a prisoner who is released before the end of their sentence on condition of good behavior.
The parolees were monitored.
dislocations
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a disruption or disturbance of an organization or system.
The strike caused dislocations in the supply chain.
backfired
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have the opposite of the intended effect.
The plan backfired.
colleen
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an Irish girl.
Colleen went to the party.
laden
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heavily loaded or weighed down with something.
The table was laden with food.
prevails
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prove more powerful or superior.
Justice prevails.
gusting
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a sudden strong burst of wind.
The wind was gusting.
cramping
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painful muscular contraction.
He had cramping in his legs.
drumbeat
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a rhythmic beating of a drum.
The drumbeat was loud.
notched
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cut or score (something) with a notch or notches.
The stick was notched.
supped
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take (liquid or soft food) by sips or spoonfuls.
They supped on soup.
witch
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a woman thought to have magic powers
The witch cast a spell.
oyster
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a bivalve mollusk with a rough irregular shell.
We ate oysters.
mustering
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assemble (troops)
They were mustering the troops.
crammed
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completely fill (a place or container) to the point that it appears overfull.
The room was crammed with people.
fedarranged
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organized in a federal manner.
The system was fedarranged.
lupercus
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a Roman god of fertility.
Lupercus was worshipped.
ascended
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go up or climb.
They ascended the mountain.
unleashing
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release (a powerful force) to have its full effect.
They were unleashing their power.
lammed
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strike forcefully.
He lammed the door shut.
swamped
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overwhelm or flood with things or people.
They were swamped with work.
blew
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past tense of blow.
The wind blew.
finning
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move through water using fins or flippers.
The fish was finning.
stacking
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arrange (things) in a pile.
They were stacking the boxes.
munching
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eat (something) steadily and often audibly.
He was munching on chips.
androstenone
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a steroid that is present in human sweat and urine and is thought to act as a pheromone.
Androstenone is a pheromone.
versa
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used to introduce a contrasting statement or idea; conversely.
vice versa.
discoloring
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cause to change color; stain.
The sun was discoloring the fabric.
dangled
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hang or swing loosely.
The keys dangled from his hand.
chemosensory
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relating to the detection of chemical stimuli.
Chemosensory receptors detect chemicals.
puckering
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tightly gather or wrinkle (something).
She was puckering her lips.
sequenced
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arrange (things or events) in a particular order.
The DNA was sequenced.
polyphenols
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a structural class of mainly natural
Polyphenols are antioxidants.
stubbing
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accidentally strike (one's toe) against something.
He was stubbing his toe.
mignon
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small and delicate.
She was petite and mignon.
gnawing
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persistently bite or chew on.
The dog was gnawing on a bone.
magellanic
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relating to Ferdinand Magellan or his voyages.
The Magellanic clouds are galaxies.
balmier
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pleasantly warm.
The weather was balmier.
pilgrims
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a person who journeys to a sacred place for religious reasons.
The pilgrims traveled to Mecca.
nanoscience
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the study of phenomena and manipulation of materials at atomic
Nanoscience is a growing field.
reassessed
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assess or analyze (something) again.
The data was reassessed.
onramps
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A short road that vehicles use to enter a highway or other major road.
The onramps were congested during rush hour.
vowed
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Made a solemn promise.
She vowed to support her friend no matter what.
hanseatic
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Relating to the Hanseatic League
The city's Hanseatic history is evident in its architecture.
erdogan
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The surname of Recep Tayyip Erdoğan
Erdogan's political influence is significant in the region.
heptathlete
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A female athlete who competes in a heptathlon.
The heptathlete trained rigorously for the Olympic Games.

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