gramatyka opisowa 1,2,3

 0    87 Datenblatt    Manonmoon69
mp3 downloaden Drucken spielen überprüfen
 
Frage English Antworten English
parts of speech
Lernen beginnen
lexical categories
name of thing, animal, person, idea
Lernen beginnen
noun
action, state, phenomena, event process
Lernen beginnen
verb
modifies verb, adjective, other adverb
Lernen beginnen
adverb
modifies noun, like what
Lernen beginnen
adjective
cat
Lernen beginnen
noun
green
Lernen beginnen
adjective
run
Lernen beginnen
verb
drive SLOWLY
Lernen beginnen
adverb
QUITE beautiful
Lernen beginnen
adverb
VERY early
Lernen beginnen
adverb
replaces noun
Lernen beginnen
pronoun
 Przyimki, indicate relations in time, space, or grammatical functions
Lernen beginnen
preposition
 To, from, during, of, with, in front of, under
Lernen beginnen
preposition
join words or phrases
Lernen beginnen
conjunction
point at object, express references type
Lernen beginnen
determiner
replaces whole sentances (no)
Lernen beginnen
particle
approach to grammar rule driven
Lernen beginnen
prescriptive approach
approach to grammar, data driven, observe native speakers
Lernen beginnen
dercriptive approach
the actual belief or mental representation of a situation not necessarily verbalized  think to yourself without speaking to others  cognitive unit, psychological, conceptual, mental representation
Lernen beginnen
deep structure
 the linguistic expression of a belief or mental representation  thoughts to sentence, syntactic
Lernen beginnen
surface structure
(aspect) general state of affairs
Lernen beginnen
simple (aspect)
(aspect) action in progress
Lernen beginnen
progressive, continuous (aspect)
(aspect) expresses relativeness of the past to the present, teraźniejszy dokonany
Lernen beginnen
perfect (aspect)
Provides information, shares information (mood)
Lernen beginnen
declarative (mood)
requests information (mood)
Lernen beginnen
interrogative (mood)
requests action, information (mood)
Lernen beginnen
imperative (mood) (imperator rozkazuje)
How many cases in english?
Lernen beginnen
2, nominative and genetive
she, Susan, my sister, the girl in the picture
Lernen beginnen
noun phrase
has done, should have done, will do it, work, is
Lernen beginnen
verb phrase
big, very big, very big indeed (modifies noun phrase)
Lernen beginnen
adjective phrase
slowly, over there, right now (modifies very phrase)
Lernen beginnen
adverb phrase
at the bar (preposition + noun phrase)
Lernen beginnen
prepositional phrase
 A phrase which provides you with additional, optional information about the event described by the verb phrase
Lernen beginnen
adjunct
component of verb phrase, and it begins with a verb and ends with a verb
Lernen beginnen
verb group
is adjunct grammatically required?
Lernen beginnen
no
orzeczenie
Lernen beginnen
predicate
limited in quantity
Lernen beginnen
finate
doesn't contain tense
Lernen beginnen
non-finate
how word changes shape bc of grammar
Lernen beginnen
inflection
individual sound, smallest component of language
Lernen beginnen
phoneme
can a phoneme be a word or morpheme?
Lernen beginnen
yes (a)
 Meaningless phonemes are combined into meaningful morphemes
Lernen beginnen
true
smallest MEANINGFUL component of language
Lernen beginnen
morpheme
 Entry in dictionary that has independent meaning or syntactic function
Lernen beginnen
word
meaning of a word, semantic content of the word
Lernen beginnen
denotation
can a verb group be verb phrase?
Lernen beginnen
yes (have been sleeping)
noun phrase without determina
Lernen beginnen
nominal group
simple sentance (NP+VP)
Lernen beginnen
clause
bigger clause of 2+ clauses
Lernen beginnen
complex sentance
verb is a member of an open class of verbs that includes all verbs except auxiliary verbs
Lernen beginnen
lexical verb
describes verb (content word)
Lernen beginnen
common adverb
verbs like should, can, could, might, will etc
Lernen beginnen
modal verb
type of verb that takes a supportive role in a sentence, second to the main verb (be, have, done)
Lernen beginnen
auxilary verb
describes adjectives, adverbs (very, quite, so)
Lernen beginnen
degree adverb
words such as the, my, this, some, twenty, each, any, which are used before nouns
Lernen beginnen
determiner
substitute a person's name. They can also substitute any third-person noun in a sentence.
Lernen beginnen
personal pronoun
show that a noun owns or possesses something.
Lernen beginnen
possesive pronoun
come before a noun to modify it, just like an adjective.
Lernen beginnen
possesive determina
who, whom, which, what, whose, whoever, whomever, whichever, whatever
Lernen beginnen
interrogative pronoun
representtion of a class of objects
Lernen beginnen
generic reference
two of more heads (husband and wife)
Lernen beginnen
coordinate phrase
strawberry
Lernen beginnen
polymorphemic word
wise- people, very-nice, very- slowly
Lernen beginnen
modifier+head
phoneme articulated in the vocal tract by creating obstruction to the air stream.
Lernen beginnen
consonant
phoneme articulated without obstruction to the air stream in the vocal tract. (Air travels freely)
Lernen beginnen
vowel
two kinds of phonemes?
Lernen beginnen
vowel, consonant
what is necessary for a syllable?
Lernen beginnen
a vowel
f, v
Lernen beginnen
labio-dental
p, b, m, ł
Lernen beginnen
bilabial
Ɵð
Lernen beginnen
dental
t, d, s, z, l,n
Lernen beginnen
alveolar
ś,ź, tś, dż
Lernen beginnen
alveo-palatal
j
Lernen beginnen
palatal
k, g, ng
Lernen beginnen
velar
h
Lernen beginnen
glottal
• P, b, t, d, k, g (short sound)
Lernen beginnen
plosive
ts, dz (short sound)
Lernen beginnen
affricate
• F, v, Ɵ, s, z, ś, ź, h (can prolong articulation)
Lernen beginnen
fricative
m, n, ng
Lernen beginnen
nasal
o Each consonant is described in terms of 3 features
Lernen beginnen
 Place of articulation  Manner of articulation  Voiced/voiceless
vowel+vowel, vowel+semi-vowel
Lernen beginnen
diphtong
o Different articulatory version of a phoneme; the change is not meaningfully distinct
Lernen beginnen
allophone
o The articulatory properties of a phoneme are affected by the articulatory properties of a neighbouring phoneme; in other words, a sound e.g., affects the preceding sound
Lernen beginnen
assimilation
o Friendship (d disappears) o We must talk (t disappears)
Lernen beginnen
elision
o Two words with ONE different phoneme (pin bin, tin sin, bed bid)
Lernen beginnen
minimal pairs
meaningless sounds can be combined into meaningful morphemes and words
Lernen beginnen
duality

Sie müssen eingeloggt sein, um einen Kommentar zu schreiben.