LECTURE 7

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Lernen beginnen

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Frage		Antworten
Grammar Lernen beginnen		is a set of implicit rules that govern the formation of sentences. We may not know specific rules, but we obey them everytime we speak
Usage Lernen beginnen		consists of specific rules people create for language to distinguish grammatically acceptable sentences from unacceptable ones in a social context
performance grammar Lernen beginnen		refers to the way language is actually used by speakers in real-life communication
competence grammar Lernen beginnen		the thereotical understanding of a language's rules
descriptive grammar Lernen beginnen		an approach to understanding and explaining how a language is used naturally by its speakers. it describes the patters, structures and rules without prescribing what is correct or ideal
prescriptive grammar Lernen beginnen		it provides recommendations on how language should be used, often based on traditional norms or conventions
formal grammar Lernen beginnen		has clear rules that describe how sentences and words are structured in a language
Distributional properties Lernen beginnen		in grammar look at how words fit into sentences, like whether they go with "was" or "were" in a sentence
inflectional properties Lernen beginnen		in grammar are changes to words, like adding -s to "cat" to make it plural
derivational properties Lernen beginnen		in grammar involve forming new words by adding affixes to change meaning or grammatical category
Person Lernen beginnen		Relating to the speaker or others
Number Lernen beginnen		singular/plural, countability
Gender Lernen beginnen		natural (boy/he) and grammatical (German "das Madchen")
Case Lernen beginnen		grammatical categories like subjective, agentive, objective, instrumental, possessive and local cases
Tense Lernen beginnen		Deictic (now as zero point)
Mood Lernen beginnen		indicative, imperative, subjunctive (commands, intentions etc)
Aspect Lernen beginnen		perfective, imperfective, iterative, punctual, habitual, inchoative

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