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2 the round control on a radio, cooker, etc. that you turn to change sth ▶ tarcza (instrumentu) dial1 /ˈdaɪəl; US / noun [countable] 1 the round part of a clock, watch, control on a machine, etc. that shows a measurement of time, amount, temperature, etc. a dial for showing air pressure ▶ tarcza (zegara) cyferblat licznik
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to dial the wrong number ▶ wykręcać (numer telefoniczny) dial2 /ˈdaɪəl; US / verb [intransitive, transitive] (dialling; dialled, US dialing; dialed) to push the buttons or move the dial on a telephone in order to call a telephone number You can now dial direct (dzwonić bezpośrednio) to Singapore.
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dialect /ˈdaɪəlekt; US / noun [countable, uncountable] a form of a language that is spoken in one part of a country a local dialect ▶ dialekt
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ˈdialling code noun [countable] (Brit.) (US code) the numbers that you must dial for a particular area or country international dialling codes ▶ numer kierunkowy
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ˈdialog box (Brit. also ˈdialogue box) noun [countable] a box that appears on a computer screen asking the user to choose what they want to do next Select an option from the dialog box. ▶ (komputer) okno dialogowe
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2 (a) discussion between people who have different opinions (a) dialogue between the major political parties ▶ dialog dialogue /ˈdaɪəlɒɡ/ noun [coun., uncoun.] 1 (a) conversation between people in a book, play, etc. This movie is all action, with very little dialogue. On the tape you will hear a short dialogue between a shop assistant and a customer. ▶ dialog
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dialysis /ˌdaɪˈæləsɪs; US / noun [uncountable] a process for separating substances from a liquid, especially for taking waste substances out of the blood of people with damaged kidneys kidney/renal dialysis a dialysis machine ▶ dializa
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diameter /daɪˈæmɪtə(r); US / noun [countable] a straight line that goes from one side to the other of a circle, passing through the centre ▶ średnica ⇨ look at radius, circumference
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3 (diamonds) [pl.] in a pack of playing cards, the suit with red shapes like diamonds(2) on them the seven of diamonds ▶ kara ⇨ note at card 4[countable] one of the cards from this suit I haven’t got any diamonds. ▶ karo diamond /ˈdaɪəmənd/ noun 1 [countable, uncountable] a diamond ring ▶ brylant diament 2 [countable] a flat shape that has four sides of equal length and points at two ends ▶ romb
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diaphragm /ˈdaɪəfræm; US / noun [countable] 1 the muscle between your lungs and your stomach that helps you to breathe ▶ przepona 2 a rubber device that a woman puts inside her body before having sex to stop her having a baby ▶ kapturek
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diarrhoea (US diarrhea) /ˌdaɪəˈrɪə; US -ˈri:ə / noun [uncountable] an illness that causes you to get rid of faeces from your body very often and in a more liquid form than usual ▶ biegunka rozwolnienie
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2 a book in which you write down what happens to you each day Do you keep a diary? ▶ dziennik pamiętnik diary /ˈdaɪəri; US / noun [countable] (pl. diaries) 1 a book in which you write down things that you have to do, remember, etc. I made a note of his name in my diary. I’ll just check in my diary to see if I’m free that weekend. ▶ kalendarzyk
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dice /daɪs; US / noun [countable] (pl. dice) a small solid square object with six sides and a different number of spots (from one to six) on each side, used in certain games Throw the dice to see who goes first. ▶ kostka do gry
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2[intransitive, transitive] dictate (sth) (to sb) to tell sb what to do in a way that seems unfair Parents can’t dictate to their children how they should run their lives. ▶ dyktować dictate /dɪkˈteɪt; US ˈdɪkteɪt / verb 1 [intransitive, transitive] dictate (sth) (to sb) to say sth in a normal speaking voice so that sb else can write or type it to dictate a letter to a secretary ▶ dyktować
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dictation /dɪkˈteɪʃn; US / noun [countable, uncountable] spoken words that sb else must write or type We had a dictation in English today. ▶ dyktando
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□ dictatorship /; US / noun [countable, uncountable] a military dictatorship ▶ dyktatura —dictatorial /ˌdɪktəˈtɔ: riəl; US / adj. dictatorial behaviour ▶ dyktatorski dictator /dɪkˈteɪtə(r); US ˈdɪkteɪt- / noun [countable] a ruler who has total power in a country, especially one who rules the country by force ▶ dyktator
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diction /ˈdɪkʃn; US / noun [uncountable] the way that sb pronounces words clear diction ▶ dykcja
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2 a book that lists the words connected with a particular subject and tells you what they mean a dictionary of idioms a medical dictionary ▶ leksykon dictionary /ˈdɪkʃənri; US -neri / noun [countable] (pl. dictionaries) 1 to look up a word in a dictionary a bilingual/monolingual dictionary ▶ słownik
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2 telling people things rather than letting them find out for themselves ▶ dydaktyczny pouczający Zwykle wyraża dezaprobatę. □ didactically /-kli; US / adv. ▶ dydaktycznie moralizatorsko pouczająco didactic /daɪˈdæktɪk; US / adj. (formal) 1 designed to teach people sth, especially a moral lesson didactic art ▶ dydaktyczny moralizatorski
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2[intransitive] to stop existing; to disappear Our love will never die. The old customs are dying (wymierają). ▶ umierać ⇨ adjective dead, noun death 1[intran., tran.] die (from/of sth) to stop living My father died when I was three. Thousands of people have died from this disease. to die of hunger He died of cancer. to die for what you believe in to die a natural/violent death ▶ umierać
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2 [countable] a vehicle that uses diesel My new car’s a diesel. ▶ diesel pojazd wysokoprężny diesel /ˈdi: zl; US / noun 1 [uncountable] a type of heavy oil used in some engines instead of petrol a diesel engine silnik na olej napędowy a taxi that runs on diesel ▶ olej napędowy ⇨ look at petrol
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2[countable] certain foods that a person who is ill, or who wants to lose weight is allowed to eat a low-fat diet a sugar-free diet ▶ dieta □ dietary /ˈdaɪətəri; US -teri / adj. dietary habits/requirements ▶ dietetyczny żywieniowy 1 [countable, uncountable] the food that a person or an animal usually eats The peasants live on a diet of rice and vegetables. I always try to have a healthy, balanced diet. Poor diet is a cause of ill health. a balanced diet ▶ dieta wyżywienie
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diet2 /ˈdaɪət; US / verb [intransitive] to try to lose weight by eating less food or only certain kinds of food You’ve lost some weight. Have you been dieting? ▶ być na diecie odchudzać się stosować dietę
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a nutritionist, dietitian dietitian (also dietician) /ˌdaɪəˈtɪʃn; US / noun [countable] a person whose job is to advise people on what kind of food they should eat to keep healthy ▶ dietety-k/czka
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2differ (with sb) (about/on sth) to have a different opinion I’m afraid I differ with you on that question. ▶ mieć inne zdanie differ /ˈdɪfə(r); US / verb [intransitive] 1differ (from sb/sth) to be different How does this car differ from the more expensive model? ▶ różnić się
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2[countable, uncountable] difference (in sth) (between A and B) There’s an age difference of three years between the two children. There’s very little difference in price since last year. ▶ różnica difference /ˈdɪfrəns; US / noun 1[countable] a difference (between A and B) What’s the difference between this computer and that cheaper one? I’m doing an essay on the similarities and differences between fascism and communism. ▶ różnica
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W Amer. ang. używa się też zwrotu different than. 2[only before a noun] separate; individual This coat is available in three different colours. ▶ różny 1different (from/to sb/sth) Cricket is quite different from baseball. The play was different from anything I had seen before. The two houses are very different in style. You’d look completely different with short hair. ▶ różny od kogoś/czegoś
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□ differently /; US / adv. I think you’ll feel differently about it tomorrow. ▶ inaczej
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2[transitive] differentiate sth (from sth) to make one thing different from another The coloured feathers differentiate the male bird from the plain brown female. ▶ odróżniać differentiate /ˌdɪfəˈrenʃieɪt; US / verb 1 [intransitive, transitive] differentiate between A and B; differentiate A (from B) to see or show how things are different It is hard to differentiate between these two types of seed. ▶ rozróżniać
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2 (used about a person) not friendly, reasonable or helpful a difficult customer ▶ trudny grymaśny nieuprzejmy difficult /ˈdɪfɪkəlt; US / 1difficult (for sb) (to do sth) not easy to do or understand a difficult test/problem I’m in a difficult situation. Whatever I do, somebody will be upset. ▶ trudny kłopotliwy
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2[uncountable] how hard sth is to do or to deal with The questions start easy and then increase in difficulty. ▶ trudność difficulty /ˈdɪfɪkəlti; US / noun (pl. difficulties) \ We had no difficulty selling our car. We found a hotel without difficulty. If you borrow too much money you may get into financial difficulties. ▶ trudność kłopot
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□ diffraction /dɪˈfrækʃn; US / noun [uncountable] ▶ dyfkracja (fiz.) ugięcie Oxford Wordpower: słownik angielsko-polski / polsko-angielski © Oxford University Press 2007 diffract /dɪˈfrækt; US / verb [transitive] to break up a stream of light into a series of dark and light bands or into the different colours of the spectrum ▶ (fiz.) uginać poddawać dyfrakcji
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rozporoszony, rozrzucony (o swietle) Lernen beginnen
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diffusely /; US / adv. ▶ w rozproszony sposób rozwlekle mętnie —diffuseness /; US / noun [uncountable] ▶ rozproszenie rozprzestrzenienie rozrzucenie rozwlekłość diffuse /dɪˈfju: s; US / adj. 1 spread over a wide area diffuse light a diffuse community ▶ rozproszony rozprzestrzeniony rozrzucony 2 not clear or easy to understand; using a lot of words a diffuse style of writing ▶ rozwlekły mętny niejasny
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dig1 /dɪɡ; US / verb [intransitive, transitive] (digging; past tense, past participle dug /dʌɡ; US /) to move earth and make a hole in the ground The children are busy digging in the sand. to dig a hole ▶ kopać (np. łopatą, kilofem)
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3 an occasion or place where a group of people try to find things of historical or scientific interest in the ground in order to study them an archaeological dig ▶ wykopalisk-o/a dig2 /dɪɡ; US / [countable], noun 1 a hard push to give somebody a dig in the ribs ▶ szturchnięcie 2 something that you say to upset sb The others kept making digs at him because of the way he spoke. ▶ docinek przytyk
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2 to think about new information so that you understand it fully The lecture was interesting, but too much to digest all at once. ▶ (przen.) przetrawiać digest /daɪˈdʒest; US / verb [transitive] 1 to change food in your stomach so that it can be used by the body I’m not going to go swimming until I’ve digested my lunch. ▶ trawić (pokarm)
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digestion /daɪˈdʒestʃən; US / noun [countable, uncountable] the process of changing food in your stomach so that it can be used by the body ▶ trawienie
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diˈgestive system noun [countable] the series of organs inside the body thatdigest food ▶ układ pokarmowy
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digit /ˈdɪdʒɪt; US / noun [countable] any of the numbers from 0 to 9 a six-digit telephone number ▶ cyfra liczba jednocyfrowa
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2 showing information by using numbers a digital watch ▶ elektroniczny digital /ˈdɪdʒɪtl; US / adj. 1 using an electronic system that uses the numbers 1 and 0 to record sound or store information, and that gives results of a high quality a digital camera ▶ cyfrowy
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digitize (also digitise) /ˈdɪdʒɪtaɪz; US / (also digitalize /ˈdɪdʒɪtəlaɪz; US /) verb [transitive] to change data into a digital form that can be easily read and processed by a computer a digitized map ▶ digitalizować przetwarzać w postać cyfrową
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ˌdigital reˈcording noun [countable, uncountable] a recording in which sounds or pictures are represented by a series of numbers showing that an electronic signal is there or is not there; ▶ nagranie cyfrowe zapis cyfrowy
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ˌdigital ˈtelevision noun 1 [uncountable] the system of broadcasting television usingdigital signals ▶ telewizja cyfrowa 2[countable] a television set that can receivedigital signals ▶ cyfrowy odbiornik telewizyjny
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digitize (also digitise) /ˈdɪdʒɪtaɪz; US / (also digitalize /ˈdɪdʒɪtəlaɪz; US /) verb [transitive] to change data into a digital form that can be easily read and processed by a computer a digitized map digitalizować przetwarzać w postać cyfrową
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dignified /ˈdɪɡnɪfaɪd; US / adj. behaving in a calm, serious way that makes other people respect you dignified behaviour ▶ pełen godności OPPOSITE undignified
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2 the quality of being serious and formal the quiet dignity of the funeral service ▶ powaga dostojeństwo dignity /ˈdɪɡnəti; US / noun [uncountable] 1 calm, serious behaviour that makes other people respect you to behave with dignity He managed to keep his dignity, even in prison. ▶ godność
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□ digression /daɪˈɡreʃn; US / noun [countable, uncountable] ▶ dygresja digress /daɪˈɡres; US / verb [intransitive] (formal) to stop talking or writing about the main subject under discussion and start talking or writing about another less important one ▶ robić dygresję odchodzić od tematu abstrahować
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□ dilation /daɪˈleɪʃn; US / noun [uncountable] The doctor checked his eyes but there was no abnormal pupil dilation. ▶ rozszerzenie dilate /daɪˈleɪt; US / verb [intransitive, transitive] to become or to make sth larger, wider or more open Her eyes dilated with fear. dilated pupils/nostrils Red wine can help to dilate blood vessels. ▶ rozszerzać (się) OPPOSITE contract
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dilemma /dɪˈlemə; US / noun [count] a situation in which you have to make a difficult choice between two or more things Doctors face a moral dilemma of when to keep patients alive artificially and when to let them die. to be in a dilemma ▶ dylemat
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diligent /ˈdɪlɪdʒənt; US / adj. (formal) showing care and effort in your work or duties a diligent student/worker ▶ pilny pracowity □ diligently /; US / adv. They worked diligently on the task they had been given. ▶ pilnie pracowicie
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dill /dɪl; US / a plant with yellow flowers whose leaves and seeds have a strong taste and are used in cooking as a herb. Dill is often added to vegetables kept in vinegar dill pickles ogórki kiszone ▶ koper
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