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Frage		Antworten
quickflow Lernen beginnen		qo qp qt
streamflow Lernen beginnen		baseflow+quickflow
smallest contibution to quickflow Lernen beginnen		precipitation
throughflow Lernen beginnen		occurs when lateral hydraulic conductivity is bigger than vertical
speed of the river is controlled by Lernen beginnen		velocity hydraulic crosssection gradient channel roughness
confluence point Lernen beginnen		location where two water bodies connect
upper netherlands Lernen beginnen		erosion transport by gravity
lower netherlands Lernen beginnen		sedimentstion transport by pumping stations
water quality divided into Lernen beginnen		chemical and physical characteristics
acid rain Lernen beginnen		sulphur and nitrogen oxides
baseflow has Lernen beginnen		higher concentrations of salutes than quickflow
% of freshwater is groundwater Lernen beginnen		95
potentiometeic surface Lernen beginnen		imaginary surface
infiltration Lernen beginnen		vertical movement
seepage Lernen beginnen		lateral movement
hydraulic conductivity of sedimentary rocks Lernen beginnen		higher than igneous and metamorphic
causes of floods Lernen beginnen		ice jams landslides failure of dams
flood intensifying factors Lernen beginnen		basin shape area slope geology soil vegetation channel factors drainage network factors
why qt is a success Lernen beginnen		vigilance and support unprejudiced interdisciplinary knowledge and right people
spatial quality schools of thought Lernen beginnen		objective sibjective intersubjective
objective Lernen beginnen		measured with quality indicators
subjective Lernen beginnen		depends on context personal values and culture
inter subjective Lernen beginnen		both
4th memorandum of sp Lernen beginnen		spatial quality as a goal utility! beauty, robustness
5th memorandum 7 dimentions of spatial quality Lernen beginnen		doveristy functionality justice sustainability attactivness human scale
4 types of qualities Lernen beginnen		use ecological experiental long term
use quality Lernen beginnen		multifunctional accessible safety
ecological quality Lernen beginnen		biodiverity connectivity abiotic quality natural processes
experiental quality Lernen beginnen		sound smells openness uniqness naturalness visibility of water landscape history
long term quality Lernen beginnen		robustness maintainability flexobility
room for the river Lernen beginnen		water safety and spatial quality central steering and financing
dutch flood protection Lernen beginnen		water safety more decentralised
instrument based typology Lernen beginnen		legal economic informative
resoursed based typology Lernen beginnen		nato framework
nodality Lernen beginnen		informative instruments
authority Lernen beginnen		regulative
treasure Lernen beginnen		financial
organization Lernen beginnen		resources
substantive instruments Lernen beginnen		directly focused on welfere taxes
procedural instrument Lernen beginnen		focused kn shaping the nmber nature or behavious of actors involved
limitations to use plants to clean water Lernen beginnen		contamination is insitu mandatory monitoring more than one season contaminants may reenter the food chain mercury released will be in rain
benefits of wetlands Lernen beginnen		integrated into landscape increased biodiversity little management required
municipal waste pollution Lernen beginnen		zinc and copper from pipes used motor oil organic waste and nitrogen and phosphorous
release of sewage creates problems Lernen beginnen		enrichment increase in bod
phytoextraction Lernen beginnen		contaminants taken by roots and removes from the soil
phytostabilisation Lernen beginnen		stabilisation of contaminants in the soil
phytotransformation Lernen beginnen		breaking down and taken up by plants
phytovolatization Lernen beginnen		absorbing and releasing as a gas form
activated sludge process Lernen beginnen		settling aeration settle disinfect
warunki wetlands Lernen beginnen		wastewater not too toxic sufficient light temerature nutrients detention time long enough
types of wastewaters Lernen beginnen		seeage agricultural industrial runoff
planta used in constructed wetlands Lernen beginnen		surface flow floating plants submerged plants emergent plants
emergent plants divided into Lernen beginnen		surface water vertical flow horizontal flow and hybrid
free water surface fws Lernen beginnen		water flows on top of soil land intensive
horizontal subsurface Lernen beginnen		water flows inside a layer of sand and gravel
vertical subsurface Lernen beginnen		water pumped on the surface and than drains down into gravel and sand can be used in a house
role of plants in subsurface flow Lernen beginnen		heavy metal in plant tissue habitat for wildlife root-mechanical system and hydraulic conductivity
how to get rid of mosquitos Lernen beginnen		no above ground flow reduce organic loading rate drying of beds temporarily lower water depths higher stream velocity
what wastewater treatment consists of Lernen beginnen		suspended solids removal nitrogen phosphorous pathogen heavy metal trace organic removals
aim of eu water framework directive Lernen beginnen		protect and restore water environment
4 objectives of eu wfd Lernen beginnen		water wuality aquatic loge public participation recovery of costs for water services
most important tool of fwd is rbmp Lernen beginnen		assigning basins without borders coordination with agriculture fisherman energy
surface water Lernen beginnen		ecological and chemical status
groundwater Lernen beginnen		chemical and quantitative status
4 basin districts in the nl Lernen beginnen		meuse rhine ems scheldt
classification of water bodies Lernen beginnen		natural artificial heavily modified
groundwater directive Lernen beginnen		sets standards and measures to prevent pollutants
nitrates directive Lernen beginnen		1991
soilwater movements caused by Lernen beginnen		precipitation evaporation transpiration infiltration surface runoff throughflow percolation capillary rise
4 major forces in soilwater Lernen beginnen		cohesion adhesion gravity osmosis
wilting point and field capacity Lernen beginnen		min and max of water content so plants can uptake it
surface sealing Lernen beginnen		a crust is formed on top
nbs for sandy coastal cities Lernen beginnen		sand nourishment and shellfish reefs
3 typical dutch strategies Lernen beginnen		before 1990 hard engeneering after soft from 2012 building with nature
ipcc strategies Lernen beginnen		advance protection retreat accomodation exosystem based
activemethods Lernen beginnen		physical and chemical
physical method Lernen beginnen		aerauing turbulance waterfalls
chemical methods Lernen beginnen		buffering by adding alkalis

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